Lecture 1: Introduction and History

Question 1

In the Europe, the early “animal behavior” focus was most closely associated with what?

Answer 1

ethology

Question 2

In Europe, the individual scientists associated with the study of “animal behavior” were primarily of what profession?

Answer 2

Zoologists

Question 3

In the early “animal behavior” studies in the USA, the studies done were mainly focused on which of the following?

Answer 3

Learning and theories of behavior

Question 4

This scientist developed an “observe, then experiment” approach to studying classical behavioral phenomena and is known as the “father of experimental ethology”:

Answer 4

Niko Tinbergen

Question 5

Ultimate factors causing behavior are:

Answer 5

based on resources

Question 6

Early studies in behaviorism were conducted in the field. True or False?

Answer 6

FALSE

Question 7

True or False? Natural selection operates primarily upon the individual rather than the group.

Answer 7

True

Question 8

Which of the following are assumptions of natural selection?
a)
there is competition among individuals of the population

b) variation is heritable
c) there is a difference in which individuals are more reproductively successful
d) none of the other choices are true
e) all of the other choices are true
f) variation among individuals
g) there are surplus offspring

Answer 8

e) all of the other choices are true

Question 9

Natural selection is strongest at the group level (group selection). True or False?

Answer 9

False

Question 10

True or False? Hunger at a specific moment, causing the animal to go looking for food, can be considered a proximate factor affecting its behavior.

Answer 10

False

Question 11

True or False? In an experiment, the independent variable is the one you measure.

Answer 11

False

Question 12

Which of the following is not true about fixed action patterns (FAPs):

a) FAPs require coordination of several muscles
b) FAPs are species-specific
c) FAPs require sensory feedback for completion
d) FAPs are innate, genetically controlled

Answer 12

c) FAPs require sensory feedback for completion

Question 13

Innovative behaviors are most often developed by:

a) mature, subdominant individuals
b) mature, dominant individuals
c) young, dominant individuals
d) young, subdominant individuals

Answer 13

d) young, subdominant individuals

Question 14

True or False? An instinct may be modified by experience.

Answer 14

TRUE