Lecture 1 - Introduction Flashcards
1
Q
Davies et al - 2010
A
“Criminal Justice is about society’s formal response to crime […] actions taken by a number of agencies in response to a specific crime or criminal or crime in general.”
2
Q
Institutions - LCCYP
A
- Law Enforcement - police, prosecuting agencies.
- Crime Prevention - inter-agency activity.
- Courts - pre-trial detention; adjudication; sentencing; appeals.
- Youth Justice
- Penal System - probation, prisons and other agencies.
3
Q
Why do we have these institutions - as a form of governance.
A
- A means of imposing social order.
- A way of managing risk.
- A mechanism for resolving disputes.
4
Q
England and Wales criminal justice system - adapted from (Walklate, 2011)
A
- Ministry of Justice - e.g. criminal law, criminal courts, prisons, etc…
- Home Office - e.g. security and counter-terrorism, policing, etc…
- Attorney General - e.g. director of public prosecution, cps service, etc…
5
Q
How do Scholars seek to make sense of the criminal process, identify its goals and assess its fulfilment?
A
Construct models.
6
Q
Due process model
A
Justice
- Equality/rights of suspects.
- Presumption of innocence.
- Restraint of arbitrary power (e.g. police)
7
Q
Crime control model
A
Punishment
- Conviction of the guilty a priority.
- Extensive powers for police.
- High conviction rates.
8
Q
Rehabilitation model
A
- Medical model
- Benefits of prosecution
- All offenders treated equally.
- Need to punish the guilty.
9
Q
Bureaucracy model
A
- Resources, targets, austerity.
- Cost of law enforcement.
- Punish all who are guilty.
Conviction of the innocent.
