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PT-ELC133: PHARMACOLOGY > ⭐ LECTURE 1: INTRO TO PHARMA > Flashcards

⭐ LECTURE 1: INTRO TO PHARMA Flashcards

1
Q

Study of the actions of drugs on the living system

A

PHARMACOLOGY

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2
Q

any chemical that affects the processes of a living organism

A

DRUG

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3
Q

done in the laboratory on experimental animals (rodents and non rodents)

A

EXPERIMENTAL PHARMACOLOGY

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4
Q

type of pharmacology done on human subjects (normal or deceased)

A

CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY

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5
Q

Detailed study of drugs

A

PHARMACOLOGY

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6
Q

Science of identification, selection, preservation, standardization, compounding and dispensing of medical substances

A

PHARMACY

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7
Q

use of specific drugs to prevent, treat, or diagnose a disease
- two functional areas:
1. Pharmacokinetics
2. Pharmacodynamics

A

PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS

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8
Q

Study of how the body absorbs, distributes, and eliminates the drug

A

PHARMACOKINETICS

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9
Q

Analysis of what the drug does to the body

A

PHARMACODYNAMICS

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10
Q

Science of poisons
- measurement and detection of poisons
- treatment of poisoning

A

TOXICOLOGY

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11
Q

Deals with the generic basis for drug responses

A

PHARMACOGENETICS

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12
Q

Effect of drugs upon microorganisms and parasites, living and multiplying in a living organism

A

CHEMOTHERAPY

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13
Q

An official code containing a selected list of the established drugs and medicinal preparations with description of their physical properties and tests for their identity, purity and potency

A

PHARMACOPOEIA

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14
Q

Medication chemically binds to specific sites called receptor sites

A

DRUG ATTACHMENT

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15
Q

DRUG ATTACHMENT: chemical fits at the receptor site well

A

AGONIST

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16
Q

DRUG ATTACHMENT: chemical blocks another chemical from getting to a receptor

A

ANTAGONIST

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17
Q

DRUG ATTACHMENT: attach to the receptor but only produce a small effect

A

PARTIAL AGONIST

18
Q

BASICS OF DRUG ACTION: expected response of a medication
Side effects – known and frequently experienced, expected reaction to drug

A

DESIRED ACTION

19
Q

BASICS OF DRUG ACTION: unexpected, unpredictable reactions that are not related to usual effects of a normal dose of the drug

A

ADVERSE REACTION

20
Q

When one drug alters the action of another drug

A

DRUG INTERACTION

21
Q

When 2 drugs are given together and double the effect is produced
Eg. Alcohol + Aspirin = Pain relief

A

ADDITIVE EFFECT

22
Q

When 1 drug interferes with the action of another drug
Eg. Protamine sulfate to counteract heparin toxicity

A

ANTAGONISTIC EFFECT

23
Q

When one drug replaces another at the drug receptor site, increasing the effect of the 1st drug (synergistic effect to the 1st drug)
1st drug has no longer full effect on the body; 2nd drug replaces the site of the 1st drug

A

DISPLACEMENT EFFECT

24
Q

When 2 drugs mixed together in a syringe produce a given chemical reaction
Eg. Protamine sulfate + Vitamin K = No effect on the body

A

INCOMPATIBILITY

25
Q

When 1 drug promotes the rapid excretion of another, thus reducing the activity of the 1st drug

A

INTERFERENCE

26
Q

When the effect of 2 drugs taken at the same time is greater than the sum of each drug given alone
Eg. Diuretics + Adrenergic blockers = lower the BP
Eg. Proximide + Carvedilol = lowers the BP

A

SYNERGISTIC EFFECT

27
Q

What are the SEVEN sources of drugs?

A

Plants, Animals, Minerals, Microorganisms, Semisynthetic, Genetic Engineering/DNA Recombinant Tech

28
Q

Identify the source of the drugs:

Alkaloids: Morphine, Atropine, Quinine, Reserpine, Ephedrine
Glycosides: Digoxin, Digitoxin

A

PLANTS

29
Q

Identify the source of the drugs:

Insulin and Heparin

A

ANIMALS

30
Q

Identify the source of the drugs:

Ferrous sulphate and Magnesium Sulphate

A

MINERALS

31
Q

Identify the source of the drugs:

Penicillin, Streptomycin, Griseofulvin

A

MICROORGANISMS

32
Q

Identify the source of the drugs:

Hydromorphone and Hydrocodone

A

SEMISYNTHETIC

33
Q

Identify the source of the drugs:

Aspirin and Paracetamol

A

SYNTHETIC

34
Q

Identify the source of the drugs:

Human insulin, Human Growth Hormone (GH), and Hepatitis B Vaccine

A

GENETIC ENGINEERING

35
Q

What are the CLASSIFICATION OF DRUGS?

A

CHEMICAL NATURE, SOURCE, SITE OF ACTION, MODE OF ACTION, THERAPEUTIC USE, PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, PHYSICAL EFFECTS, TYPE OF ACTION

36
Q

DRUG NOMENCLATURE: Technical description of the actual molecule

A

CHEMICAL NAME

37
Q

DRUG NOMENCLATURE: Proprietary Name” “Trade Name”
Name under which the product is marketed

A

BRAND NAME

38
Q

DRUG NOMENCLATURE: “Official Name” “Nonproprietary Name”
Official medical name
Often derived from the chemical name

A

GENERIC NAME

39
Q

CHEMICAL NATURE: Metals and their salts – Ferrous sulphate, Zinc Sulphate, Magnesium Sulphate
Non metals – Sulphur

A

INORGANIC DRUGS

40
Q

Alkaloids – Atropine, Morphine, Strychnine
Glycosides – Digitoxin, Digoxin
Proteins – Insulin, Oxytocin
Esters, Amide, Alcohol, Glycerides

A

ORGANIC DRUGS

41
Q
A

PT-ELC133: PHARMACOLOGY (9 decks)

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