Lecture 1: Gonorrhea Flashcards
Neisseria meningitidis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae are what shape and gram stain?
What enzyme tests do they show?
Gram negative diplococci, aerobic/facultative anaerobic. Can be intracellular
Oxidase and catalase positive.
Meningococcus alone ferments maltose
Virulence factors common to both Neisseria meningitidis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae include
LOS (endotoxin), IgA protease
Virulence factor exclusive to Neisseria meningitidis
Capsule
Virulence factor exclusive to Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Pili, porins A and B (serum resistance), Opa (bind immune cells, reduce response).
Neisseria growth is limited on what medium?
Blood agar
Use what growth medium if sampling from mucous membranes?
How about normally sterile site?
Thayer-Martin for mucus (genital, nasopharyngeal)
Chocolate Agar for sterile site (CSF, blood)
How does the host defend against Neisseria meningitidis and gonorrhoeae?
IgG-enhanced complement and PMNs.
Effective for meningococcus, contains gonorrhoeae.
Complement deficiencies predispose to complications.
Asymptomatic/untreated gonococcus in women can lead to what major complication?
Pelvic inflammatory disease.
Other complications from gonorrhoea and meningococcus include?
Meningitis, septic arthritis, endocarditis.
Meningitidis cases tend to occur in what pattern?
Sporadic or outbreak
Gonorrhoea cases occur in what pattern?
Widespread and common.
How should neonates be treated for these diseases?
Passive immunity from meningococcus from mother, give prophylactic eye ointment for gonococcus.
How should meningococcus and gonococcus be prevented?
Vaccine for meningococcus
Condoms for gonococcus.
How to treat meningococcus and gonoccocus?
Ceftriaxone, cefixime, admit for complications.
