Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology *1090 Flashcards > Lecture 1 Flashcards > Flashcards

Lecture 1 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is cell division?

A

The process by which cells make more cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Why does cell division occur?

A
  • Growth
  • Cell replacement
  • Healing
  • Reproduction
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The two processes of cell division?

A

Mitosis or Meiosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Mitosis

A

Occurs in hair stem cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Meiosis

A

Occurs in germ or sex cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are Mitotic cells in an adult considered to be?

A

Stem Cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Characteristics of Eukaryotyes

A

Genome is large and linear and DNA is in nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Characteristics of Prokaryotes

A

Genome is small and circular and DNA is in cytoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does interphase consist of?

A
  1. G1 phase
  2. S phase
  3. G2 Phase
  4. G0 Phase
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What happens in G1 (gap 1) phase?

A

Growth, cellular metabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What happens in S phase?

A

DNA replication (chromosome duplication)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What happens in G2 phase?

A

Preparation for Mitosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What happen in M phase (mitosis)?

A

chromosomal separation and cytokinesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is Interphase?

A

The time between successive mitoses (G1 + S + G2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is quiescent?

A

Cells that are not actively dividing (entering a G0 state)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have?

A

23 Chromosomes

17
Q

How many pairs of sex chromosomes do humans have?

A

1 pair

18
Q

What are homologous chromosomes?

A

Same chromosomes before and after DNA replication

19
Q

What happens during mitotic cell division?

A

A single parent cell divides into two daughter cells

20
Q

What are the phases in order of Mitotic Cell Division?

A

Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telephase

21
Q

What happens during prophase?

A

Chromosomes condense and centrosomes radiate microtubules and migrate to opposite poles

22
Q

What happens during pro metaphase?

A

Microtubules of the mitotic spindle attach to chromosomes

Nuclear envelope starts to break down

23
Q

What is a Kinetochore?

A

Large protein assemblies that connect chromosomes to microtubules of the mitotic and meiotic spindles in order to distribute the replicated genome from a mother cell to its daughters

24
Q

What happens during metaphase?

A

Chromosomes align in the centre of the cell (equatorial plate)

25
Q

What happens during anaphase?

A

Sister chromatids (which become individual chromosomes when the centromere splits) separate and travel to opposite poles

26
Q

What happens during telophase?

A

Nuclear envelope re-forms and chromosomes decondense

27
Q

How long do cells in culture take to complete 1 cell cycle?

A

24 hours

28
Q

In zebrafish embryo, how long does it take to undergo cell division?

A

20 minutes

29
Q

What is the major difference between cytokinesis in an animal vs plant?

A

Plants have the constriction of a cell membrane

Biology *1090 Flashcards (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions