Lecture 1 - Classification of Organisms Flashcards
5 Characteristics of living Organisms
- Organized - such that the entropy of the system decreases
- Metabolism - take in energy from environment + transform it
- Respond to stimuli - interact w environment
- evolve - change over time
- Reproduce - for growth + reproduction
Entropy
measure of the disorder in the universe
Domain
Largest groups of classification of life
Consists of Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya
Kingdom
Second highest classification rank of life
Consists of Monera, Protists, Fungi, Plants, Animals
Prokaryote
single sell organism with no membrane bound organelles
Eukaryote
organism that contains a membrane bound nucleus, membrane bound organelles, and has lots of structural diversity
Luca
last universal common ancestor
Bacteria
Prokaryotic single-celled simple organisms, diverse metabolically, single circular chromosome of DNA
Archaea
Prokaryotic single-celled organisms
More closely related to eukaryotes than bacteria
often extremophiles
scientific name of organisms notation
Genus species; in italics or underlined if handwritten
Genome
all of an organisms DNA
extremophile
an organism that is able to live in extreme conditions
3 differences between Archaea and Bacteria
different phospholipids
different cell walls
different genome organization
which domains contain a nuclear envelope in the cell
Eukarya, and not Bacteria or Archaea
which domains contain membrane enclosed organelles
eukarya, and not bacteria or archaea
