Lecture 1 - Classification

Question 1

What are the characteristics of living organisms?

Answer 1

• organized
• metabolism
• response to stimuli
• reproduction
• evolution

Question 2

What are the three Domains, what Kingdoms do they belong to, and what are their cell types?

Answer 2

Bacteria, Monera, Prokaryote
Archaea, Monera, Prokaryote
Eukarya, (Plantae, Animalia, Protista, Fungi), Eukaryote

Question 3

Do prokaryotes or eukaryotes have membrane-bound organelles?

Answer 3

Eukaryotes

Question 4

Describe the Cladogram of Domains

Answer 4

• Archaea and Bacteria look very similar

- Eukarya are more closely related to Archaea

Question 5

What are Archaea?

Answer 5

• prokaryotic
• DNA based genome
• often extremophiles (high salt, temp, pH)
• differ from Bacteria: membrane phospholipids, cells walls, covalently bound phospholipid tails in thermophiles

Question 6

What are Bacteria?

Answer 6

• prokaryotic
• DNA based genome (usually singular, circular DNA)
• very small
• very diverse metabolically
• limited structural diversity

Question 7

What are Eukarya?

Answer 7

• contain membrane-bound organelles
• unicellular or multicellular
• lots of structural diversity
• very little metabolically diversity

Question 8

Comparing Domains

Answer 8

*note: refer back to table in notes, make sure to know the differences between Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya