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Radiology > Lecture 1 (chapters 16-19) > Flashcards

Lecture 1 (chapters 16-19) Flashcards

1
Q

How many images are taken in a regular FMX (full mouth series)?

A

18

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2
Q

How many images are taken in a perio FMX (full mouth series)?

A

20

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3
Q

What is visible in a FMX?

A

All teeth, apices of roots, supporting structures

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4
Q

Beam angulation

A

The optimum angle at which the radiation is directed towards the film.

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5
Q

Excessive vertical angulation results with an image…

A

foreshortened

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6
Q

Insufficient vertical angulation results with an image…

A

elongated

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7
Q

What results when the PID is positioned too far distally, causing the anterior portion of the receptor to receive no exposure?

A

cone cut image

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8
Q

What results when the CR (central ray) is NOT directed through the contacts [of the teeth]?

A

overlapped image

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9
Q

Proper receptor position (Paralleling Technique)

A

Positioned parallel to the long axis of the tooth. The receptor and beam alignment device must be placed away from the teeth and toward the middle of the oral cavity.

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10
Q

Proper vertical angulation (Paralleling Technique)

A

The CR (central ray) of the x-ray beam must be directed perpendicular to the receptor and long axis of the tooth.

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11
Q

Proper horizontal angulation (Paralleling Technique)

A

The CR of the x-ray beam must be directed through the contact areas between the teeth.

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12
Q

Advantages to Bisecting Angle Technique

A

Receptor held with less pressure, receptor is close to the teeth, and increased comfort

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13
Q

Disadvantages to Bisecting Angle Technique

A

Difficult to determine bisector, increasing elongation & foreshortening; superimposed zygomatic arch over the maxillary molar apices, increased Magnification

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14
Q

Radiographic machines should operate between…

A

50 kV-100 kV (preferably 60-80 kV)

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15
Q

All new and existing X-ray installations must have a protection survey performed by a qualified expert and shall be continued once every _________

A

4 years

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16
Q

All radiographic exams shall be performed only on direct prescription of the dentist or physician and only after ______(3)

A

clinical history, examination, and expectation of a health benefit

17
Q

Quality Assurance Program

A

The monitoring and documentation of procedures and corrective actions of: X-ray machines ,Image receptor systems, Processors, Darkroom

18
Q

Never stand closer than _____ to the x-ray unit during an exposure without protection.

A

6 feet

19
Q

Never stand in the direct line of the primary beam. It is best to _______. If you cannot, stand at least a ___ angle to the beam as it exits the patient.

A

stand behind a fixed barrier; 45 degree

20
Q

Rectangular collimation shall be used routinely for _____ radiographs and when feasible for _________
radiography.

A

periapical; interproximal

21
Q

The 3 types of intraoral radiographs

A

periapical, bitewing, occlusal

22
Q

This type of radiograph shows an image of tooth and supporting structures. It’s used to interpret normalcy or pathology in root area and surrounding tissues.

A

Periapical (PA)

23
Q

This type of radiograph shows tooth crowns (Max. & Mand. In one film) and Interproximal region (crest of alveolar bone)

A

Bitewing (BWX)

24
Q

______ radiographs are more anatomically and dimension-ally accurate than _____ radiographs.

A

Bitewing; periapical

25
Q

This type of radiograph is used to reveal interproximal or recurrent decay/caries, overhangs, calculus, crestal bone level, internal pulpal pathology, occlusal relationships, developing teeth

A

Bitewing

26
Q

This type of radiograph records image on entire arch in one film.

A

Occlusal

27
Q

This type of radiograph is used to add dimension to locate objects. Ex: Unerupted teeth, impactions, foreign bodies, fractures, pathology.

A

Occlusal

28
Q

Receptor size for children with primary teeth

A

Size 0 (BCTC only has size 1 and 2)

29
Q

Receptor size for mixed dentition and adult anteriors

A

Size 1

30
Q

Receptor size for posterior periapicals and bitewings; older children and adults.

A

Size 2

31
Q

Receptor size 3

A

Not recommended

32
Q

Receptor size 4

A

Occlusal films

33
Q

A bitewing survey usually contains ___ to ____ films for adults, and ____ films for children.

A

4-6; 2

34
Q

Type of radiographic survey that includes:
Posteriors (from distal of canine back)
Max. and Mand. Crowns (No crown overlaps)
Crestal alveolar bone
TYPES: Horizontal and Vertical

A

Bitewing

35
Q

an extremely effective method for reducing the radiation dose from intraoral radiography; it simply shapes and sizes the x-ray beam to the shape and size of the imaging receptor.

A

rectangular collimation

Radiology (8 decks)

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