Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ELM2 - pathology > lecture 1 - cell injury & death > Flashcards

lecture 1 - cell injury & death Flashcards

1
Q

What is hypoxia?

A

oxygen deprivation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the term of hypoxia to a tissue due to impeded arterial supply?

A

Ischaemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is ischaemia?

A

Loss of blood supply to a tissue, due to impeded arterial supply

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is thrombosis?

A

formation of a clotted mass of blood (thrombus) in the CVS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is infarction?

A

Death of tissue due to hypoxia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is cardio-respiratory failure?

A

Inadequate oxygenation of blood and therefore tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the 3 types of change in cell size or number?

A

hyperplasia, hypertrophy, atrophy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is cell hyperplasia?

A

Increase in number of cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is cell hypertrophy?

A

Increase in size of cells, but not necessarily number

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is cell atrophy?

A

Decrease in size of cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is cell metaplasia?

A

A change in the cell type in a tissue due to injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is cell dysplasia?

A

Changes in a tissue leading abnormal cell types, typically immature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What can happen to mitochondria due to hypoxia?

A

Mitochondrial swelling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the name of the process of cellular accumulation of triglycerides?

A

Steatosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are some causes of atrophy?

A

Decreased workload, reduced endocrine stimulation, diminished blood supply, loss of innervation, inadequate nutrition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is necrosis?

A

The killing of a large number of cells in an organ or tissue

17
Q

What are the 2 major types of cell death?

A

necrosis, apoptosis

18
Q

What is apoptosis?

A

Controlled cell death, generally as a normal part of development, though can be pathological by cytotoxic T cells

19
Q

What immune cell is involved in apoptosis?

A

cytotoxic T cells

20
Q

What are the 4 types of necrosis?

A

Coagulative, liquefactive, caseous, gangrenous

21
Q

What is coagulative necrosis?

A

Cell death caused by ischaemia, with protein denaturation. Tissue becomes pale, but cellular architecture is maintained until cells are phagocytosed.

22
Q

What is gangrenous necrosis?

A

Coagulative necrosis due to ischaemia that occurs in a limb or digit typically. Black or dark appearance.

23
Q

What is liquefactive necrosis?

A

Associated with infection. A viscous liquid mass is formed from necrotic tissue, generally with pus. Eventually a cavity is left, particularly in the brain

24
Q

When will liquefactive necrosis occur without infection?

A

In the brain due to injury.

25
Q

what is caseous necrosis?

A

Necrosis associated with chronic inflammation (not acute), resulting in a yellow/white ‘cheesy’ gross appearance.

ELM2 - pathology (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions