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High Yield Exam 1 Biomechanics Cards > Lecture 1 - Body Planes and Axis of Motion > Flashcards

Lecture 1 - Body Planes and Axis of Motion Flashcards

1
Q

A vertical plane passing through the body from front to back.
Divides into right half and left half.
Divides body into equal symmetrical halves.

A

Sagittal Plane

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2
Q

A vertical plane passing through the body from side to side.
Divides body into front half and a back half.
Divides the body into equal, but asymmetrical halves.

A

Frontal Plane

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3
Q

A horizontal plane passing through the body from side to side and front to back.
Divides body into upper and lower halves.
Divides body into equal, but asymmetrical halves.

A

Transverse Plane

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4
Q

The __ is a line around which motion takes place.

A

Axis

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5
Q

The _____ of ______ is always perpendicular to the plane in which the motion takes place. Motion occurs along the plane

A

Axis
Motion

Motion takes place in one plane while the axis is formed by the other two planes.

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6
Q

There are ____ axes of motion, one vertical and two horizontal.

A

Three

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7
Q

The axis of motion is considered the _____ part while the motion takes place in the ______ part

A

Proximal

Distal

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8
Q

Horizontal axis which passes from side to side and lies in the frontal and transverse planes (frontal-transverse axis).

Dorsiflexion and plantar flexion of the foot/ankle. Flexion and extension of the leg.

A

Axis of sagittal plane motion

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9
Q

Horizontal axis which passes from front to back and lies in the sagittal and transverse planes (sagittal-transverse axis).

Coincides with the longitudinal axis of the foot.

Inversion and eversion of the foot. Abduction and adduction of the leg.

A

Axis of frontal plane motion

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10
Q

Vertical axis perpendicular to the ground and lies in the frontal and sagittal planes (frontal-sagittal axis).

Abduction and adduction motions of the foot. Internal and external motions of the leg.

A

Transverse Plane Motion

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11
Q

Define: motion where the distal aspect of the foot moves dorsally, or towards the tibia.

A

Dorsiflexion

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12
Q

motion where the distal aspect of the foot moves plantarly, or away from the tibia

A

Plantar flexion

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13
Q

motion where the plantar surface of the foot moves toward the midline of the body.

A

Inversion

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14
Q

motion where the plantar surface of the foot moves away from the midline of the body.

A

Eversion

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15
Q

motion where the distal aspect of the foot moves away from the midline of the body.

A

Abduction

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16
Q

motion where the distal aspect of the foot moves toward the midline of the body.

A

Adduction

17
Q

The fixation of a part in the position it would assume in adduction. A transverse fixation with the distal end displaced toward the midline.

A

Adductus

18
Q

The fixation of a part in the position it would assume in abduction. A transverse fixation with the distal end displaced away from the midline.

A

Abductus

19
Q

A fixation of the foot or part of the foot in the position it would assume if plantarflexed. The distal end of the part is further away from the tibia.

A

Equinus

20
Q

A fixation of the foot or part of the foot in the position it would assume if dorsiflexed. The distal end of the part is closer to the tibia.

A

Calcaneus

21
Q

A fixation of the part in the position it would assume if inverted. A frontal plane fixation in which the plantar surface is turned toward the midline.

A

Varus

22
Q

A fixation of the part in the position it would assume if everted. A frontal plane fixation in which the plantar surface is turned away from the midline.

A

Valgus

23
Q

Refers to the hereditary defects which change the position of the entire foot. The deformity can be either in the talus, calcaneus or both.

A

Tailless

24
Q

Normal or straight alignment (example is forefoot to rearfoot).

A

Rectus

25
Q

15 degrees from transverse plane and 9 degrees from the sagittal plane

A

Longitudinal Axis

26
Q

52 degrees from the transverse plane and 57 degrees from the sagittal plane

A

Oblique Axis

27
Q

45 degrees from the frontal and sagittal planes

A

First Ray Axis

First ray dorsiflexes it inverts
First ray plantarflexes it everts
Little to no transverse plane motion

28
Q 
Evaluates the medial column
Cyma line
Calcaneal inclination angle
Talar declination angle
Midtarsal faults or breaches
Position of first ray
A

Sagittal Plane

29
Q 
Demonstrates the lateral column
Cuboid abduction angle
Kites angle (talo-calcaneal angle)
Talo-navicular congruency
Forefoot to rearfoot relationship
A

Transverse Plane

30
Q

Calcaneal axial projection

Evaluates the posterior column

A

Frontal Plane

High Yield Exam 1 Biomechanics Cards (6 decks)

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