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Small Animal Nutrition > Lecture 1 > Flashcards

Lecture 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is essential for cats

A

Meat

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2
Q

Is a dog an omnivore

A

Yes

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3
Q

Why do dingos drink salt water

A

To replace sodium

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4
Q

Why is it important to look at the type of animal within the same species

A

Because of different behaviour. For example: wild dogs hunt in packs and domestic dogs eat dry food

Also need to look at the size of the animal for the food they need

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5
Q

Why is nutrition so important

A
  1. Preventing conditions
  2. Increase blood plasma
  3. Is there too much or too little in diet
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6
Q

Do cats have molars

A

Either missing or undersized

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7
Q

Movement of a dogs jaw

A

Up, down, left, right

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8
Q

Movement of cats jaw

A

Up and down

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9
Q

What can’t cats taste

A

Sweet

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10
Q

What can dogs taste

A

Salt, sweet, sour, bitter, umami and water

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11
Q

How many taste receptors do dogs have

A

1/5th of humans

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12
Q

How many taste receptors do cats have

A

1/3rd of humans

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13
Q

In dogs, what makes up for the lack of taste receptors

A

Well developed olfactory

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14
Q

So dogs and cats have salivary amylase

A

No

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15
Q

What is the meal patten of a dog

A

1 large meal a day

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16
Q

What is the meal patten of a cat

A

Many small meals during the day

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17
Q

What are dogs intolerant to

A

lactose

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18
Q

Can cats digest plant material well

A

Not really and this is due to the plants amino acid structure

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19
Q

What are cats intolerant to

A

Fructose and lactose

20
Q

Describe the mouth of a carnivore

A

Canines for capturing/holding and piercing carnassial for sheering

21
Q

Describe the mouth of a omnivore

A

In the dog lower and upper molars have broad occlusal surfaces for grinding

22
Q

Describe a cat jaw

A

Only has scissor action

23
Q

Why do dogs eat quickly

A

Because the pack is constantly moving

24
Q

Out of a dog and cat which has a higher protein requirement

A

Cats

Humans < Dog

25
Q

What animal can adjust protein catabolism

A

Dogs - this is because when they are active they need to slow it down

26
Q

In dogs is taurine essential

A

No

27
Q

Is dietary arginine essential in dogs

A

No but it helps prevent disease

28
Q

What is arginine used for

A

Urea cycle

29
Q

Is dietary arginine essential in cats

A

YES with out it they will die very quickly

30
Q

Why is Taurine essential in cats

A

Because they cannot convert cysteine to taurine

31
Q

What animal has the higher sulphur amino acid requirement when compared to other animals

A

Cats

32
Q

What is a-Ketoglutarate derived from

A

Glutamate and glutamine

33
Q

What is a-Ketoglutarate a key intermediate in

A

TCA cycle

34
Q

What would happen if there is no a-Ketoglutarate

A

ATP production would slow down and break down the CNS

35
Q

In dogs and humans what can glutamine used to make

A

a-Ketoglutarate and arginine

36
Q

What happens if cats cant run the urea cycle

A

There is a build up of ammonia and this will slow down the TCA cycle

37
Q

What is Taurine needed for

A

Normal nerve function

38
Q

What occurs if there is a lack of Taurine

A

Loss of nerve function, impaired brain development, heart and eye function

39
Q

What increases the need for taurine and why

A

High fat diets as they are conjugated to bile salts with incomplete recovery from the GIT

40
Q

Can dogs control blood glucose

A

Yes they have glucose homeostasis

41
Q

Can cats control blood glucose

A

No, they are responsive to glycogenic amino acids

42
Q

Dogs: what is gluconeogenesis preferentially from

A

Carbohydrates

43
Q

Cats: what is gluconeogenesis preferentially from

A

Amino acids

44
Q

Do cats convert tryptophan into niacin

A

No need it from diet

45
Q

Can cats make Vit A

A

No they cannot make retinal and retinol

46
Q

What is the function of L-Carnitine

A

Transports long chain fatty acids from the intramembranous space into the mitochondrial matrix to undergo B-oxidation

Small Animal Nutrition (6 decks)

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