Lecture 1 Flashcards
•Introduction to Eurocodes • Introduction to reliability theory • Limiting states relevant for structural design of steel and concrete structures, • Target reliabilities • Load factors
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What are Eurocodes?
They are set European standards for the design of buildings and other civil engineering work.
Purpose of Eurocodes?
They provide uniform levels of safety and standardise the building quality. It allows for there to be a common understanding between engineers etc.
What philosophy does the Eurocode use?
It uses the limit state design philosophy. Theres are performance criteria which need to be met otherwise it is classed as a failure.
Reliability- The code is divided into 3 classes
CC3- high consequence for loss of human life, or economic, social or environmental
consequences very great
CC2-Considerable
CC1-Small
Limiting states
- Ultimate limit state
- Serviceability
- Resistance
- Robustness
- Ultimate limit state and formula
- Safety of the people
- Strength
- Failure
- Fatigue
– 1.35 Gk + 1.5 Qk1 (Loads multiplied by load factors)
- Serviceability and formula
- Cracks
- Comfort
- Function
– 1.0 Gk + Qk1 (for deflection causing damage to non-structural members)
– 1.0 Gk + Σ Ψ2 Qk (for deflection causing issues with visibility)
Ψ2 will be given or you will look it up in a table A 1.1.
-Resistance
- Durability and Fire
-Robustness
-Accidental damage
What is the main design requirement
Wed < WRd
Design effect < Design resistance
i.e. The resistance needs to be higher than the load being applied.
Material and Load Factors
Loads are multiplied by load factors to take account of the variability of the loading
and the uncertainties in the loading model
Material properties are divided by a material factor to take account of the variability
in properties and the inaccuracy in the structural model
Abbreviation for loads
The following notation is adopted in EC1: • Dead loads - G • Imposed loads - Q • Snow loads - Q • Wind loads - W • Accidental loads - A
