lecture 1 Flashcards

concepts and introduction

1
Q

five freedoms

A

hunger/thirst, thermal/physical discomfort,

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2
Q

five needs

A

suitable environment, suitable diet, normal behaviour patterns, housed with/or apart from other animals, protected from pain, injury, suffering or disease

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3
Q

seven key factors

A

feed, water, light, air, rest, space, health

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4
Q

what sits underneath the paralumbar fossa?

A

rumen, on the left

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5
Q

how can you assess water supply

A

skin tenting test, position of eye (sunken= fat pad behind eye is dehydrated)

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6
Q

how can you assess light

A

should be able to go anywhere and read a newspaper

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7
Q

how can you assess quality of air

A

if animals stick head out of the windows

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8
Q

what happens if animals stand up in cubicles?

A

lameness

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9
Q

where do pigs dung

A

in the area that is cooler

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10
Q

why do we have slats to separate dung from animals

A

reduce enteric disease spread

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11
Q

thermal comfort

A

‘optimum’ temperatures for animal comfort,

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12
Q

basal metabolic rate

A

amount of energy for a fasted animal

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13
Q

thermoneutral zone cool vs warm

A

basal rate still the same but animal may have to change behaviour

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14
Q

problem of temperature regulation for pigs and poultry

A

can’t sweat

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15
Q

ruminants and horses: what do they vary

A

heat loss via evaporation –> relative humidity of environment is most important

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16
Q

problem with outdoor poultry production

A

often no tree cover –> more fearful

17
Q

what is sustainability?

A

an activity that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability to meet the needs of the future

18
Q

three main areas of sustainability

A

environmental, ethical, economic

19
Q

three main areas of sustainability

A

environmental, ethical, economic = planet/profit = viable/ planet+people = bearable,

20
Q

life cycle assessment

A

looks at the impact of an activity from start to finish, often summarised as the carbon footprint

21
Q

main source of nitrous oxide

A

fossil fuels + fertilisers in agriculture