Lecture 1

Question 1

Gross or Macroscopic Anatomy

Answer 1

Large Structures & Organ Systems

“things your can see with your eyes”

Question 2

Microscopic Anatomy

Answer 2

Utilizing scientific equipment to magnify

Question 3

Cytology

Answer 3

Study of the cell

Question 4

Histology

Answer 4

Study of tissues

Question 5

Physiology

Answer 5

Study of how living organisms perform their functions.

Physiology= processes, functions

Question 6

Pathological

Answer 6

Effects of disease on the functions of organs and/or organ systems.

Question 7

Homeostasis

Answer 7

Homeo=unchanging
Stasis=standing
Adjusting physiological processes in response to change in the external environment.

Question 8

Homeostatic Regulatory Mechanism

Answer 8

1. RECEPTOR sensitive to certain stimulus/input
2. CONTROL CENTER receives and processes information supplied by the receptor
3. EFFECTOR cell or organ that responds to the commands of the control center

Question 9

Example of Homeostatic Regulatory Mechanism

Answer 9

• normal body temperature
• you start to run and your temperature is disturbed
• your RECEPTORS (skin) senses this change
• that sends information to the CONTROL CENTER (brain)
• your brain send a message to the EFFECTORS
• the EFFECTORS respond. blood vessels in skin dilate, sweat glands in the skin increase secreation

Question 10

Autoregulation

Answer 10

-process from within
cell, tissue, organ
ex: kidney regulates blood pressure within its self. its the only system involved. its measured in the kidney and regulated within the kidney.

Question 11

Extrinsic Regulation

Answer 11

Process with external messengers. 
Nervous System: 
-rapid, specific
ex: hemorrhaging....heart rate increases
Endocrine System
-slower but longer lasting effects
ex: hormones (globally acting)

Question 12

Negative Feedback Loop

Answer 12

Negative Feedback Loop tends to minimize change. It negates the original stimulus.
example: your RECEPTOR (skin) gets cold, your skin gets goose bumps, sends a message to the CONTROL CENTER then messages to the EFFECTORS in this case the muscles, you start to shiver creating fiction to warm your body up.

Question 13

Positive Feedback Loop

Answer 13

More Rare
3 TYPES
-Bleeding
-Child Birth
-Lactation
in positive feedback loop the original stimulus is exaggerated.
it escalates the cycle (can be dangerous)

Question 14

Goal of Positive/Negative Feedback

Answer 14

to maintain a state of dynamic equilibrium (range of normal)