Lecture 1 Flashcards
(34 cards)
Define language intervention (when does it occur)
Language intervention occurs when some intervention agent (clinician, teacher, parent) stimulates or responds to a child in a manner consciously designed to facilitate development in areas of communication at risk for impairment
What are the 4 purposes of intervention?
- change or eliminate the underlying problem2. change the disorder by teaching specific language behaviours3. Teach compensatory strategies rather than specific language behaviours4. Change the child’s environment (Often used in combination with one of purposes above)
Why is it difficult to change/eliminate the underlying problem of a speech impairment? In which restricted circumstances is this possible?
Frequently we don’t know the underlying cause> is possible in children with hearing loss or cleft lip
Which of the purposes is most often being used in intervention? In which cases is it most common and give an example of intervention using this purpose.
Changing the disorder > common in kids with SLI or developmental disordersex. teaching child to expand # of words and morphemes
What are compensatory strategies? Give an example?
Teaching children metacognitive strategies to give them better tools to function ex. Using tactile cues to elicit the recall of phonetic/semantic features of the target word
Using the example of improving narrative story telling abilities how would a clinician implement the different purposes of intervention (not including eliminating the underlying problem)
- Change the disorder: teach child by acting out the story than having them retell it to deepen their understanding2. Use Compensatory strategies: Create a visual story map as a tool3. Change the environment: increase child’s exposure to story book reading (at home or at school), have lots of story books around
What are the 3 ways in which intervention can change language behaviour?
- Facilitation: rate of learning is accelerated such that child reaches milestones earlier then they would without it2. Maintenance: Preserve a behaviour that would otherwise decrease or disapear (ex. babbling in ASD kids)3. Induction: The endpoint will ONLY be achieved through intervention (I.e. sign language has to be taught)
List the 3 main intervention approaches from most to least natural
- Child centered2. Hybrid3. Clinician directed
What are two types of child centered activities?
Daily activities, facilitated play
What are 3 types of Hybrid therapy?
- Milieu therapy2. Focused Stimulation3. Script therapy
What are 2 examples of clinician directed therapy?
Drill play, CD modelling
Which technique uses behaviourism techniques such as stimulus-response-reinforcement techniques?
Clinician directed
What are 2 types of reinforcement?
Primary: food/rewardSecondary: social praise, or tokens that accumulate to get a prize
Which of the intervention appraoches is best for a child with ASD?
Clinician-directed (ABI therapy)
Which intervention technique has specific goals?
Clinician directed
What are the 5 steps of clinician directed therapy
- Clinician gives instructions in declarative form (Say what’s in the picture after I say it)2. Clinician presents stimulus “Big ball”3. Clinician waits for response4.Clinician presents reinforcement for correct response5. Feedback (including info on performance)
What are 5 different CD prompts?
- Prompt to immitate (Say “big ball”)2. Open prompt with blank (Big ___)3. Expansion request (Tell me more)4. Repetition requestion (Tell me again)5. Self correction request (did u say that right?)
What are some advantages of CD
> efficient at producing new forms> unaturalness useful for child whos failed to learn the natural way> Good for children with lower IQs or severe disabilities
DIsadvantages of CD
> Not effective in generalizing skill to natural environments
What are the 5 steps of child centered approach?
- Clinician waits for child to intiate play2. Follows child’s lead and present language models to match child’s interest3. Clinician strives for extended conversation 4. Clinician expands on child’s utterances5. Clinician does NOT use reinforcement (only intrinsic or social)
Which theory of language acquisition is child directed therapy based on?
Social-interactionist theories of language aquisition
Advantages of child directed?
> Useful for shy children> help children learn social interaction/conversation skills> learning generalizes to other contexts
Disadvantages of Child directed
> Language learning may be slower> Children with lower IQ + sever disability may not benefit
Under Hybrid therapy what is Milieu therapy
> Uses mini teaching sessions with stimulus response reinforcements> Embeds them in naturalistic interactions>Uses time delay, open prompt, choice prompt and say prompt
