Lecture 1

Question 1

How many weeks is a viable fetus?

Answer 1

> 23 wks

Question 2

How many weeks is a premmie baby?

Answer 2

< 37 wks

Question 3

How many weeks is a term baby

Answer 3

37-40 wks

Question 4

How old is a newborn?

Answer 4

0-4 wks

Question 5

How old is an infant?

Answer 5

4wks - 1 yr

Question 6

How old is a toddler?

Answer 6

1-2 yrs

Question 7

How old is a preschooler?
School aged child?
Adolescent?

Answer 7

3-5 yrs
6-12 yrs
13-18 yrs

Question 8

From birth to adulthood, how much do the head, trunk, arms, and feet grow?

Answer 8

Head - 2x
Trunk - 3x
Arms - 4x
Legs/Feet - 5x

Question 9

Describe the development of functional head control

Answer 9

Birth - very little head control; stable vertical head position only possible for 1-2 seconds

2 months - improving head control

3 months - able to hold head stable in a vertical position - allows them to follow visual stimulus; can now also lift head in prone which allows for strengthening of thoracic spine

Question 10

Describe the development of siting

Answer 10

By 9 months should be sitting on their own

Question 11

Describe the development of reaching+manipulation

Answer 11

By 8 months

Question 12

What is abasia?

Answer 12

Lack of motor coordination in walking

Question 13

What is astasia?

Answer 13

Inability to take weight onto LLs in standing

- normal between 2-4 months!

Question 14

When does the stepping reflex disappear?

Answer 14

• 2 months - bc weight of LL’s too heavy for baby to pick up

Question 15

When can a baby bounce

Answer 15

6 mons

Question 16

When can a baby commando crawl

Answer 16

6-9 months

Question 17

List abilities at 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, 9 months?

Answer 17

6 weeks - can smile
6 months - can roll both ways; can sit unsupported with wide BOS; can take weight onto feet
9 months - standing independently
2 years - can climb, not too bad at running, can go up steps but not as good down stairs

Question 18

What are the 3 theories of motor development?

Answer 18

DST (development is non linear and affected by INTERNAL and EXTERNAL influences) - interaction of task, env, and individual with no one factor being more important

• non linear growth bc internal influences develop at different rates
• internal influences = body systems, sensory systems, sensorimotor integrative systems, cognitive
• external influences - environment, parents, tech

Neural maturationl theories
Cognitive theories

Question 19

What are examples of EXTERNAL influences?

Answer 19

Environmental

• parental education
• health
• social interaction
• lack of parental/carer involvement
• living conditions
• no play areas
• poor environments can affect rates of motor development in first 1-1.5 yrs

Parental expectations
- parents interests, gender, culture, parenting style

Question 20

What are 3 factors to consider when treating children?

Answer 20

1. Self esteem - dont give them something they can’t do!
2. Age appropriateness - any task should be appropriate for their ability
3. Structure the environment - eg. putting toys higher up if you want them to stand