Lecture 1 Flashcards
How many weeks is a viable fetus?
> 23 wks
How many weeks is a premmie baby?
< 37 wks
How many weeks is a term baby
37-40 wks
How old is a newborn?
0-4 wks
How old is an infant?
4wks - 1 yr
How old is a toddler?
1-2 yrs
How old is a preschooler?
School aged child?
Adolescent?
3-5 yrs
6-12 yrs
13-18 yrs
From birth to adulthood, how much do the head, trunk, arms, and feet grow?
Head - 2x
Trunk - 3x
Arms - 4x
Legs/Feet - 5x
Describe the development of functional head control
Birth - very little head control; stable vertical head position only possible for 1-2 seconds
2 months - improving head control
3 months - able to hold head stable in a vertical position - allows them to follow visual stimulus; can now also lift head in prone which allows for strengthening of thoracic spine
Describe the development of siting
By 9 months should be sitting on their own
Describe the development of reaching+manipulation
By 8 months
What is abasia?
Lack of motor coordination in walking
What is astasia?
Inability to take weight onto LLs in standing
- normal between 2-4 months!
When does the stepping reflex disappear?
- 2 months - bc weight of LL’s too heavy for baby to pick up
When can a baby bounce
6 mons
When can a baby commando crawl
6-9 months
List abilities at 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, 9 months?
6 weeks - can smile
6 months - can roll both ways; can sit unsupported with wide BOS; can take weight onto feet
9 months - standing independently
2 years - can climb, not too bad at running, can go up steps but not as good down stairs
What are the 3 theories of motor development?
DST (development is non linear and affected by INTERNAL and EXTERNAL influences) - interaction of task, env, and individual with no one factor being more important
- non linear growth bc internal influences develop at different rates
- internal influences = body systems, sensory systems, sensorimotor integrative systems, cognitive
- external influences - environment, parents, tech
Neural maturationl theories
Cognitive theories
What are examples of EXTERNAL influences?
Environmental
- parental education
- health
- social interaction
- lack of parental/carer involvement
- living conditions
- no play areas
- poor environments can affect rates of motor development in first 1-1.5 yrs
Parental expectations
- parents interests, gender, culture, parenting style
What are 3 factors to consider when treating children?
- Self esteem - dont give them something they can’t do!
- Age appropriateness - any task should be appropriate for their ability
- Structure the environment - eg. putting toys higher up if you want them to stand
