Lecture 1

Question 1

List 5 types of observational studies

Answer 1

1) case series
2) ecological
3) cross-sectional
4) case-control
5) cohort

Question 2

What is an interventional study?

Answer 2

clinical trial

Question 3

What is a case series?

Answer 3

Looking at a small number of cases (e.g. identification of HIV trends)

Question 4

What is an ecological study?

Answer 4

descriptive group study

Question 5

What is a cross-sectional study?

Answer 5

• a point in time of studying a particular population or pattern of disease/risk factors
• study can go for years but each n contributes only once
• no follow ups
• data collected as questionnaires, examination, investigation
• descriptive prevalence outputs

Question 6

What is a case-control study?

Answer 6

involves a follow up (fore each case there is a matching control)

Question 7

What is a cohort study?

Answer 7

follow up cohort over a period of time

Question 8

Name 3 descriptive study types

Answer 8

1) case series
2) ecological
3) cross-sectional

Question 9

Name 3 types of analytical study types

Answer 9

1) case-control
2) cohort
3) clinical trial

Question 10

Describe the 3 levels of prevention

Answer 10

Primary - risk–>disease
Secondary - disease–>progression
Tertiary - progression–>morbidity/mortality