Lecture 1 Flashcards
What is respiration
Interchange of gases between an organism and its environment
How is pressure defined
Amount of force per unit area
What test do we use for gas laws
Lung function tests
What test do we use for turbulence
Pneumoconiosis
What test for heat of vapouration
Artificial ventilation
What test for vapour pressure
Gaseous anesthetics
What test for airway resistance
Asthma
What test for elasticity
Lung fibrosis
What is linked with surface tension
Respiratory distress
What is linked with partial tension
Diagnosis
What is linked with diffuse
Sarcoidosis
What law did dalton do
Dalton’s law of partial pressure
The total pressure of a mixture of gases equals the sum of the pressures that each would exert if it were present alone
Dalton’s law
At constant pressure the volume of a given mass of an ideal gas increases or decreases by the same factor as its temperature on the absolute temperature scale
Charles law
The absolute pressure and volume of a given mass of confined gas are inversely proportional if the temperature remains unchanged within a closed system
Boyles law
The amount of any given gas that will dissolve in a liquid at a given temperature is a fiction of the partial pressure of that gas in contact with the liquid
Henry’s law
Rates of diffusion of two gases at the same T and P are inversely proportional to the squares roots of their molecular weights
Graham’s law
Rate of diffusion is proportional to the area of te membrane solubility of the substance in the membrane and inversely proportional to the thickness of the membrane an the square root of the substances MW
Ficks law
What law is linked with factors affecting flow
Poiseuilles law
Which flow goes in one direction
Laminar flow
What flow is bidirectional
Turbulent flow
At what Reynolds number will laminar flow turn to turbulent flow
Exceeds 2000
Pressure inside a sphere of liquid of surface tension T is inversely proportional to the radius
LaPlace law
Define elasticity
Elastic material is one which returns to its original shape when a distorting force is applied
In fibrosing diseases what happens to the lungs
It scars the lungs making them less elastic
What happens in emphysema
Makes lungs less elastic by making them floppy and are subject to collapse
What does liquid exert
Vapour pressure
Name 6 symptoms of respiratory disease
Cough Sputum Haemoptysis Breathlessness Wheezing Chest pain
Name 6 ways to examine respiratory system for disease
Finger clubbing Cynanosis Trachea Inspection of the chest Percussion Auscultation
What is cyanosis
Blue tinge to the skin or mucous membrane due to a lack of oxygen
Why do we perform percussion
When we tap the chest we can tell if it is normal or abnormal
Normal- filled with air
Abnormal- filled with fluid
Why do we check the trachea
Check for deviation to one side or the other
What does auscultation tell us
Breathing sounds
Normal- air quietly moved through the air
Wheezing- narrowing airways
Crackling- oedema and fibrosis: opening of enclosed airways
What do physiologists call breathing
Ventilation
