Lecture 1-3

Question 1

Eukaryote

Answer 1

organisms that contain membrane bound nuclei

Question 2

prokaryote

Answer 2

organisms that do not contain membrane bound nuclei

Question 3

autotrophic

Answer 3

makes their own food (plants)

Question 4

heterotrophic

Answer 4

feeds from an outside source

Question 5

science

Answer 5

the explanation of phenomena through the examination of natural causes (patterns through process)

Question 6

Two types of theories

Answer 6

1: Unsupported / w/o tests
2: Supported with evidence

Question 7

Hypothesis

Answer 7

prediction, often if/then

Question 8

cladograms are ______

Answer 8

a MODEL of animal relatedness

Question 9

monophyletic

Answer 9

all descendants are traced to a unique common ancestor

Question 10

homologous structures

Answer 10

structures found among species because of common ancestry (1 proximal and 2 distal bones in arms, wings, etc)

Question 11

analogous structures

Answer 11

structures found among species but not because of ancestry (scales on snakes and fish, hair on bees and humans, wings on bees and birds)

Question 12

vestigial structure

Answer 12

remnant structures that had great function in ancestry (appendix, tail, cecum)

Question 13

rudimentary structure

Answer 13

structures in the early stages of development (notochord to spinal chord, ear in teleost fish vs humans)

Question 14

parsimony

Answer 14

the simplest explanation is the most likely to be true