Lecture 1 Flashcards
The design process consists of two distinct phases called:
Analysis and Synthesis
The planning phase of the design process is called:
Analysis
The graphic or written phase of the design process is called:
Synthesis
define Management:
Planning
Define Maintenance:
Doing
Landscape Management :
It is the Design Intent
Controlling the state which a landscape is in, following pre-determined goals.
Landscape Maintenance
Natural factors governing landscape management:
topography soils geology water plants weather climate
Man Made factors governing landscape management:
MONEY Water Requirements Architectural features utilities power lines
The study of the interrelationships between organisms and their environment:
Ecology
An ecological community and its environment interacting and functioning as a unit
Ecosystem
The Living component, the flora (plant life) and fauna (animal life) of the environment:
Biotic
The Non-living component (mineral, water, man-made) of hte environment:
Abiotic
A classification category consisting of organisms that are able to interbreed:
Species
The growing of one plant at the exclusion of all the others:
Monoculture
Darmin – Survival of the fittest:
Natural Selection
Movement, over time, from one ecological community toward an “end” community, which is essentially self-maintaining and self-renewing:
Succession
Classic “end” community, charecterized by different species of plants depending on geographical location:
Climax Forest
A single species such as a robin or mosquito:
Organism
A group of the same species such as a flock of robins:
Population
Different populations of species:
Community
Species originally from a particular area, growing or living naturally.
Native
A Non-native or alien species , seemingly growing or living “wild”
Naturalized
Local plants which provide the seed material for the “next” successioal stage:
Seed Source
A sequence of organism in which each uses the next, usually lower member as a food source.
Food Chain
A place where a plant or animal naturally lives:
Habitat
What are the requirements for a Habitat?
Space
Food
Water
Cover
How matter consumed on the lower level of the food pyramid is concentrated at higher levels:
Biomagnification
More plant species leads to more pests…
Diversity
Number of animals a given area of land or water can support over time:
Carrying Capacity
Least available habitat component (space, water, food, shelter) is called the
Limiting Factor
What are the 3 basic ways that plants can be managed?
- Crops
- Resources
- Amenities
examples of Crops:
food, nursery stock, timber
examples of Resources:
National or state forests, parks, public gardens
examples of Amenities:
golf courses, landscaped areas, private gardens
Plants create and define usable human spaces:
Space Articulation
use of plants as visual barriers to increase the intimacy or indoor and outdoor spaces:
Privacy Control
Using plants to screen or hide objectionable landscape features, and can act as a buffer between conflicting uses
Screening
Plants used to hold soil particles in place:
Erosion Control
using plants to buffer noisy areas like roads or playgrounds:
Acoustic Control
Plants spaced correctly along roads to control glare
Glare and Reflective Reduction
Plants, through their biological processes, filter CO2 and other chemicals from the air.
Air Conditioning
Like non-living features such as fences, guard rails or walls, plants can be physical barriers, controlling both vehicular and pedestrian movement.
Traffic Control
Natural growth patterns of plants provide interest in and of themselves.
Line Caligraphy
Plants that are planted for their “changing” with the seasons:
Fruit, Flower and Foliage display
By providing backgrounds, human scale and natural elements to soften architectural features:
Architectural Enhancement
Plants can enhance pleasant views by providing framing and foreground elements:
Visual Enframement
Plants added to obstruct and deflect wind:
Wind Control
