Lecture 1 + 2

Question 1

Definitions of Nutrition and Feeding

Answer 1

1. All biochemical processes involved in the use of nutrients in food by the body. It includes food intake, digestion, absorption and metabolism.
2. study of the nutritional value of food and requirements to obtain a balanced diet

Question 2

Diet

Answer 2

(Average) total daily amount of feed OFFERED to the animal

Question 3

Different status of feed

Answer 3

Natural state, Fresh, Preserved

Question 4

Industrial vs Mechanical processing

Answer 4

1. chemical process, for example the use of organic solvents
2. e.g. We can obtain oil by pressing

Question 5

Daily ration

Answer 5

Total quantity of feed required daily

Question 6

Complete vs complementary feed

Answer 6

1. feed sufficient for a daily ration

2. feed sufficient for a daily ration only if used in combination

Question 7

4 Types of Additives

Answer 7

Technological, Sensory, Nutritional, Zootechnical

Question 8

Balanced diet

Answer 8

provides enough energy, a correct dose of the single nutrients, helps keeping the GI tract healthy, maintain species-specific behavior

Question 9

Dose-response curve

Answer 9

Function/performance in relation to nutrient intake

Question 10

Recommended allowances

Answer 10

levels of intake of a nutrient or food component that appears to be adequate to meet the known nutritional needs of healthy individuals, and it reflects the minimum requirement plus a safety margin for:

• Differences in availability between individual animals
• Nutrient negative interactions
• Bioavailability
• Environmental situation (heat stress etc.)
• Animal welfare
• Prevention of disease

Question 11

Additional needs for zoo an lab animals

Answer 11

1. readily available; safe for all animals of different species; safe for the staff/keepers; allowing the performance of natural behaviors; affordable.
2. 3Rs. Comparative feeding trials are performed to determine the voluntary feed intake; digestion trials through metabolic cages; balance trials by using respiratory chambers to measure gas exchange; metabolism trials.

Question 12

Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) involves all body processes involved in

Answer 12

the functionality of all organs and tissues; the regulation of body temperature; the performance of the normal physical activity.