Lecture 1 Flashcards
What is an Information System?
It’s a set of computer-based tools for collecting, storing, and processing data
What does an IS use to achieve a goal?
- Technology
- People
- Processes
What kind of technology do Information Systems use?
- Data
- Hardware
- Software
- Network
What is data?
Information (Knowledge)
What is hardware?
The physical piece of technology
What kinds of software are used?
- System software
- Application software
What kinds of network are used?
- Communication media
- Communication protocols
What kind of people are used?
- End-users
- Information Systems Specialists
What is a process?
A set of activities that are performed within an organization or technical environment
What is the formal definition of an IS?
An IS is a software to capture, transmit, store, retrieve, or display information, thereby supporting people , organizations, or other system software.
What are the components of an IS?
- Software
- Hardware
- Data
- People
- Networks
What are the results of the IS activities on data?
IPOS
- Input
- Processing
- Output
- Storage
What is input?
Anything we wish to embed in a system for some type of use
What is processing?
The act of taking inputted data and converting it to a usable output
What is output?
The processed information in a usable format
What is storage?
Output that is save for a period of time
Describe Data->Information->Knowledge->Wisdom
- Data: a fact/statement of event without any relation to other things
- Information: understanding of the relationship
- Knowledge: a pattern that connects and provides a high level of predictability as to what is described or what will happen next
- Wisdom: the understanding of the fundamental principles embodied within the knowledge
What are the types of information system?
- Transaction Processing Systems
- Management Information Systems
- Decision Support Systems
- Executive Information Systems
- Expert Systems
What are the Transaction Processing Systems?
Systems that are concerned with transaction handling and record-keeping
What is the goal of Transaction Processing Systems?
Improve transaction processing by:
- Increasing speed
- Enhancing productivity
- And simplifying processes
What are the Transaction Processing Activities?
- Data collection
- Data editing
- Data correction
- Data manipulation
- Data storage
- Document productions and reports
What are Management Information Systems?
Uses raw data from TPS Systems, and converts into meaningful aggregate form
What is the goal of the Management Information Systems?
Provide the information that helps managers in their jobs
What are Decision Support Systems?
Systems that interactively assist with decision-making by:
- applying mathematical or logical models
- a dialogue of interactions to solve unstructured problems
What is the goal of Decision Support Systems?
To provide comparisons of alternatives and recommend the preferred option
What are Executive Information Systems?
Systems that provide rapid access to both internal and external information, usually represented in graphical format but allow for an extremely detailed view on demand.
What is the goal of Executive Information Systems?
To provide comparisons of alternatives and recommend the preferred option
What are Expert Systems?
A category of AI
