Lecture 1

Question 1

what are life cycles?

Answer 1

morphologically different life stages within a species. can give rise to diversity

Question 2

what are the 3 domains of life?

Answer 2

• eukarya
• archaea
• bacteria

Question 3

How did the tree of life concept evolve?

Answer 3

• used to be a ladder of life (man at the top)
• five kingdoms based on morphology
• then universal tree of life based it on rRNA sequences

Question 4

What are primary mechanism that generate diversity across the tree of life?

Answer 4

it is natural selection based on a combination of the following:
- phenotypic variability within populations caused by genetic variation
- envirionmental, spatial, and temporal heterogenity (ex. climate)

Question 5

what are secondary mechanisms that generate diversity across the tree of life?

Answer 5

They are features and impacts of diversity that generate more diverisity, includes the following:
- development of more complex structures
- organism effects on environment
- interactions among organisms
- development of more complex reproductive systems
- colonization of novel habitats
- hybridization and polyploidy

Question 6

Where is most of the genetic diveristy found?

Answer 6

in prokaryotes

Question 7

What is the new tree of life based on?

Answer 7

nucleic acid sequences

Question 8

What is the fundemantal basis of biological diversity across the tree of life?

Answer 8

genetic mutation and environmental heterogenity (environmental diversity)