lecture 1 Flashcards
the cell
fundamental unit of life
why study cells
- permits a detailed understanding of the tissues and organisms that cells compose
- determine what is normal to fix the abnormal (i.e. step away from a diseased. state)
eukaryotic cells
- have a nucleus with DNA
- plasma membrane
- cytosol (contains organelles, mitochondria, ER)
ultimate goal
- understand how macromelolcular systems and organelleswork and cooperate to enable to cells to function autonomously and in tissues
how do we study cells
- hypothesis driven experiments
cell culture
- technique used to grow cells or tissues outside the organism under controld ocnditions
- cells taken from tissues
-how
how are cells isolated from tissues for cell culture
- by breaking down the cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions
- use mechanical fragmentation, trypsin, EDTA
trypisin
an enzyme that acts as a lawn mower to hew off all the proteins on the outside of the cell that make them stick otgether, physically break apart the proteins
EDTA
chelating agent
- a chemical sponge that sops up ions of calcium and magnesium that make the EC matrix proteins more sticky
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what nutrients are given to cells in cultuer
- amino acids, minerals, vitamins, salts, glucose, serum (that contains insulin, growth factors)
what temperature are cell cultures grow. at
at 37 degrees in a CO2 incubator. the CO2 incubator is used to control pH
what ph should the cell culture be at
between 7 and 7.4
adherent cell cultures
- we want cells to adhere or stick to the bottom of the fall
- cells dont wana stick to plastic bc hydrophobic
- use gas plasma that puts a charge the bottom of the plates which helps them stick
0 or use proteins that you would usually find in the EC matrix (e.g. collagen) and use that to coat the bottom of the dishes
phenyl red
- used to assess pH of media
wwhat does a red pinkie colourr mean for phenyl red in cell culture
- means that around a pH of 7 which is good
