Lecture 1 Flashcards
eosinophil peroxidase
toxic to targets by catalyzing halogenation. triggers histamine release from mast cells
eosinophil collagenase
remodels CT matrix
major basic protein
toxic to parasites and mammalian cells. Triggers histamine release from mast cells
eosinophil cationic protein
toxic to parasites. Neurotoxin
cytokine (IL-3, IL-5, GM-CSF)
amplify eosinophil production by bone marrow. Cause eosinophil activation
chemokine (CXCL8 - IL-8)
promotes influx of leukocytes
leukotrienes (C4, D4, E4)
cause smooth muscle contraction. Increase vascular permeability. Increase mucus secretion
platelet-activating factor
attracts leukocytes. amplifies production of lipid mediators. activates neutrophils, eosinophils, and platelets
cytokines
small humoral proteins that function as chemical messengers and coordinate immune responses
- drive immune cell differentiation
- regulate the activation of immune cells
-direct movement of immune cells
what makes platelets
megakaryoctes
neutrophil
phagocytoses bacteria; increase in number in acute bacterial infections
eosinophil
phagocytoses antigen-antibody couples and parasites
basophil
involved in anticoagulation, increase vascular permeability
monocytes
motile; give rise to macrophages
lymphocyte
acts in humoral (B-Cell) and cellular (T-Cell) immunity
erythrocyte
transport hemoglobin that binds to O2 and CO2
Platelet
in hemostasis, promotes blood clotting, plugs endothelial damage
common lymphoid progenitor makes what?
B-cells, T-Cells, and NKC
innate immunity
- is always present
- consists of cells and soluble components
- fairly rapid (takes a few hours)
natural kill cells
-cytotoxic
- able to recognize damaged self cells and secrete toxic molecules
- useful in killing virus-infected cells
lymphocytes
arise form lymphoid progenitors in bone marrow or bursa
B cells
differentiate in bursa and bone marrow
T cells
differentiate in thymus
6 key factors in innate immune response
1) immediate response
2) pre-formed molecules
3) response identical each exposure
4) mediated by macrophages, neutrophils, NKC
5) specificity inherited in the genome
6) no antigenic memory
toll-like receptors
mediators of inflammatory pathways in the gut, which mediated responses towards a wide variety of pathogen-derived ligands and link adaptive immunity to the innate
