Lecture 1

Question 1

eosinophil peroxidase

Answer 1

toxic to targets by catalyzing halogenation. triggers histamine release from mast cells

Question 2

eosinophil collagenase

Answer 2

remodels CT matrix

Question 3

major basic protein

Answer 3

toxic to parasites and mammalian cells. Triggers histamine release from mast cells

Question 4

eosinophil cationic protein

Answer 4

toxic to parasites. Neurotoxin

Question 5

cytokine (IL-3, IL-5, GM-CSF)

Answer 5

amplify eosinophil production by bone marrow. Cause eosinophil activation

Question 6

chemokine (CXCL8 - IL-8)

Answer 6

promotes influx of leukocytes

Question 7

leukotrienes (C4, D4, E4)

Answer 7

cause smooth muscle contraction. Increase vascular permeability. Increase mucus secretion

Question 8

platelet-activating factor

Answer 8

attracts leukocytes. amplifies production of lipid mediators. activates neutrophils, eosinophils, and platelets

Question 9

cytokines

Answer 9

small humoral proteins that function as chemical messengers and coordinate immune responses
- drive immune cell differentiation
- regulate the activation of immune cells
-direct movement of immune cells

Question 10

what makes platelets

Answer 10

megakaryoctes

Question 11

neutrophil

Answer 11

phagocytoses bacteria; increase in number in acute bacterial infections

Question 12

eosinophil

Answer 12

phagocytoses antigen-antibody couples and parasites

Question 13

basophil

Answer 13

involved in anticoagulation, increase vascular permeability

Question 14

monocytes

Answer 14

motile; give rise to macrophages

Question 15

lymphocyte

Answer 15

acts in humoral (B-Cell) and cellular (T-Cell) immunity

Question 16

erythrocyte

Answer 16

transport hemoglobin that binds to O2 and CO2

Question 17

Platelet

Answer 17

in hemostasis, promotes blood clotting, plugs endothelial damage

Question 18

common lymphoid progenitor makes what?

Answer 18

B-cells, T-Cells, and NKC

Question 19

innate immunity

Answer 19

• is always present
• consists of cells and soluble components
• fairly rapid (takes a few hours)

Question 20

natural kill cells

Answer 20

-cytotoxic
- able to recognize damaged self cells and secrete toxic molecules
- useful in killing virus-infected cells

Question 21

lymphocytes

Answer 21

arise form lymphoid progenitors in bone marrow or bursa

Question 22

B cells

Answer 22

differentiate in bursa and bone marrow

Question 23

T cells

Answer 23

differentiate in thymus

Question 24

6 key factors in innate immune response

Answer 24

1) immediate response
2) pre-formed molecules
3) response identical each exposure
4) mediated by macrophages, neutrophils, NKC
5) specificity inherited in the genome
6) no antigenic memory

Question 25

toll-like receptors

Answer 25

mediators of inflammatory pathways in the gut, which mediated responses towards a wide variety of pathogen-derived ligands and link adaptive immunity to the innate