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Pharmacology I _ Exam 3 Material > Lecture 09_Fall > Flashcards

Lecture 09_Fall Flashcards

1
Q

Identify the Adrenergic Agonist:

  • Direct alpha 1 agonist (“pure-a”)
  • peripheral vasoconstriction
  • Reflex Bradycardia
  • Increased coronary blood flow
A

Phenlephrine (Neo-Synephrine)

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2
Q

Identify the Adrenergic Agonist:

  • Direct adrenergic agonist
  • B1->inc HR, contractility
  • B2-> bronchodilation
  • A1-> dec. splenic/renal blood flow & inc. coronary/cerebral perfusion pressure
A

Epi

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3
Q

Identify the Adrenergic Agonista:

  • non-catecholamine sympathomimetic
  • Indirect > Direct
  • Causes NE release -> rapid tachyphylaxis
  • Mild direct Beta action -> inc HR
A

Ephedrine

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4
Q

Identify the Adrenergic Agonist:

  • Direct alpha 1 stimulation
  • Intense arterial and venous vasoconstriction
  • end-organ ischemia/necrosis
  • Pulmonary vasoconstriction
A

NE

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5
Q

Identify the Adrenergic Agonist:

  • Dose related agonist to all adrenergic receptors (DA > B > A)
  • Good for pedi
  • causes tachy
A

Dopamine

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6
Q

Identify the Adrenergic Agonist:

  • Highly potent B1 and B2 agonist
  • Incr HR & contractility
  • Bronchodilator
  • Decrease in SVR due to peripheral vasodilation, but overall effect is inc SBP and dec DBP
A

Isoproterenol

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7
Q

Identify the Adrenergic Agonist:

  • Selective B1 agonist -> inc CO due to contractility
  • INOTROPE
  • Coronary vasodilation
  • Weak B2 activity -> slight Inc HR
A

Dobutamine

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8
Q

Identify the Adrenergic Agonist:

  • Selective Phosphodiesterase (PDE) Inhibitor
  • INODILATOR
  • Effective pulmonary vasodilator
  • Signif effect on SVR -> HYPOTENSION
A

Milrinone (Primacor)

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9
Q

Identify the Adrenergic Agonist:

  • Selective DA1 receptor agonist
  • Inc renal blood flow -> diuresis
  • Dec PVR -> reflex tachycardia
A

Fenoldopam

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10
Q

Identify the Adrenergic Agonist:

  • Selective A2 agonist (A2:A1 =220:1)
  • used to treat hypertension
  • Not commonly used in IV
  • Sedative
  • Adjunct for analgesia: add to LAs or opioids for RA
  • Withdrawal syndrome: hypertensive crisis
A

Clonidine

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11
Q

Identify the Adrenergic Agonist:

  • more highly selective A2 agonist than Clonidine
  • (A2:A1 = 1620:1)
  • used primarily for sedation
  • used to treat hypertension
A

Dexmedetomidine (Precidex)

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12
Q

Identify the Adrenergic Agonist:

  • Non-adrenergic sympathomimetic
  • Activation of smooth muscle V1 receptors
  • Exogenous version of ADH
  • Effective vasoconstrictor (binds to vascular smooth muscle)
  • May preserve mesenteric perfusion better than NE
  • Extravasation -> tissue necrosis
A

Vasopressin

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13
Q

Which adrenergic agonist has effects similar to epi?

A

Ephedrine

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14
Q

Which adrenergic agonist is the drug of choice in OB because it is thought to preserve uterine blood flow better than direct A1 agonsists?

A

Ephedrine

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15
Q

Does ephedrine cause greater arterial or venous vasoconstriction?

A

Venoconstriction > arteriolar constriction

  • > Redistribution of blood centrally
  • > improved venous return (preload)
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16
Q

___ is used to treat anaphylaxis and v-fib.

A

Epi

17
Q

How does the duration of action of ephedrine compare to that of epi?

A

ephedrine last 10x longer than epi

18
Q

___ is used in TX of diabetes insipidus.

A

Vasopressin

diabetes insipidus = lack of ADH secretion

19
Q

Risks associated with the use of Epi include ___, ___ and ____.

A

Risks:

  • cerebral hemorrhage
  • coronary ischemia
  • ventricular dysrhythmia
20
Q

Withdrawal of ____ could lead to hypertensive crisis.

A

clonidine

21
Q

T or F. Ephedrine may have anti-emetic properties.

A

TRUE

22
Q

___ can be used to support BP in septic shock, cardiac arrest, post-CPB vasoplegia, and interaction between ACE-I and general anesthesia.

A

Vasopressin

23
Q

In addition to its sedative effects, side effects of clonidine include ___, ___, and ___.

A

bradycardia, hypotension, dry mouth

24
Q

___ is effective for treating post-op shivering.

A

Clonidine

25
Q

Identify the adrenergic agonist:

  • May increase cardiac O2 requirements as well as decrease myocardial perfusion
  • Also, coronary artery dilation may lead to coronary steal
A

Isoproterenol (Isuprel)

26
Q

T or F. Milrinone is an effective pulmonary vasodilator.

A

TRUE

27
Q

____ is used to Inc HR in presence of Heart block - maintains HR until pacemaker can be placed

A

Isoproterenol (Isuprel)

28
Q

What are the “Low,” “Med” and “High” dose ranges of Dopamine and which receptor is associated with each?

A

Low Dose <2 mcg/kg/min = DA receptor

Med Dose 2-10 mcg/kg/min = B1 receptor

High Dose 10-20 mcg/kg/min = A1 receptor

29
Q

___ is not a good 1st-line treatment for cardiogenic shock but can be used to treat refractory hypotension (shock, sepsis)

A

NE

30
Q

T or F. NE should only be given thru central access - not a PIV b/c extravasation->tissue necrosis.

A

TRUE

Pharmacology I _ Exam 3 Material (3 decks)

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