Lect 7. The Ovarian Cycle, Ovulation, and Uterine Changes Flashcards

1
Q

Ovulation is linked to uterine changes during (1)___

A

menstrual cycle

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2
Q

Ovulation is linked to uterine changes during menstrual cycle

→ changes driven by ____ (2 types of hormones and their origin)

A

follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) from pituitary gland

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3
Q

Ovulation

The role of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

A

stimulates development of primary follicles into secondary follicles

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4
Q

Ovulation

follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) stimulates development of primary follicles into secondary follicles

→ granulosa cells respond to FSH by ____

A

producing estrogens

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5
Q

Ovulation

follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) stimulates development of primary follicles into secondary follicles

→ ___ respond to FSH by producing estrogens

LH

A

granulosa cells

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6
Q

4 Causes of LH surge from the pituitary glands

A
  1. Oocyte to complete first phase of meiosis, creates secondary oocyte and first polar body
  2. Secondary oocyte initiates second phase of meiosis but arrests in metaphase; will not complete meiosis unless it is fertilized
  3. Stimulates granulosa cells to create progesterone
  4. Graafian follicle ruptures, allowing ovulation
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7
Q

4 Causes of LH surge from the pituitary glands

  1. Oocyte to complete first phase of meiosis, creates ____
  2. Secondary oocyte initiates second phase of meiosis but arrests in ___; will not complete meiosis unless it is ___
  3. Stimulates granulosa cells to create ___
  4. Graafian follicle ruptures, allowing ___
A
  1. secondary oocyte and first polar body
  2. metaphase; fertilized
  3. progesterone
  4. ovulation
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8
Q

4 Causes of LH surge from the pituitary glands

  1. Oocyte to complete ___, creates secondary oocyte and first polar body
  2. Secondary oocyte initiates ___ but arrests in metaphase; will not complete meiosis unless it is fertilized
  3. Stimulates ___ to create progesterone
  4. ___ ruptures, allowing ovulation
A
  1. first phase of meiosis
  2. second phase of meiosis
  3. granulosa cells
  4. Graafian follicle
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9
Q

Ovulation

The cumulus oophorus travel with it and arrange themselves into new structure called ____

A

corona radiata

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10
Q

Ovulation

The role of corona radiata

A

surrounding zona pellucida and oocyte

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11
Q

Ovulation

____ travel with it and arrange themselves into new structure, corona radiata, surrounding zona pellucida and oocyte

A

The cumulus oophorus

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12
Q

Ovulation

Granulosa cells remaining in ovary form a structure called ____, producing progesterone

A

corpus luteum

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13
Q

Ovulation

Granulosa cells remaining in ovary form a structure called corpus luteum, producing ___

A

progesterone

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14
Q

Ovulation

____ remaining in ovary form a structure called corpus luteum, producing progesterone

A

Granulosa cells

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15
Q

Ovulation

If fertilization does not occur, corpus luteum dwindles to become (1)___ and (2)___ drop precipitously

A
  1. corpus albicans
  2. levels of progesterone
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16
Q

Hormonal changes of menstrual cycle also affect the lining of the uterus

→ Is it possible?

A

Yes

17
Q

Uterine Changes

As levels of FSH climb, granulosa cells produce (1)____(estrone and 17 β-estradiol) that induce growth of endometrium into its (2)____

A
  1. estrogens
  2. proliferative phase
18
Q

Uterine Changes

As levels of ___ climb, granulosa cells produce estrogens (estrone and 17 β-estradiol) that induce growth of endometrium into its proliferative phase

A

FSH

19
Q

As levels of FSH climb, ____ produce estrogens (estrone and 17 β-estradiol) that induce growth of endometrium into its proliferative phase

A

granulosa cell

20
Q

As levels of FSH climb, granulosa cells produce estrogens (estrone and 17 β-estradiol)

→ The role of estrogen to uterine changes

A

induce growth of endometrium into its proliferative phase

21
Q

As levels of FSH climb, granulosa cells produce estrogens (estrone and 17 β-estradiol) that induce growth of endometrium into its proliferative phase

spiral arteries and glands in (1)____ of endometrium grow as endometrium becomes thicker, developing (2)____

A
  1. basal layer
  2. follicular layer
22
Q

As levels of FSH climb, granulosa cells produce estrogens (estrone and 17 β-estradiol) that induce growth of endometrium into its proliferative phase

→ (1) ____ in basal layer of endometrium grow as (2)____ becomes thicker, developing follicular layer

A
  1. spiral arteries and glands
  2. endometrium
23
Q

As levels of FSH climb, granulosa cells produce estrogens (estrone and 17 β-estradiol) that induce growth of endometrium into its proliferative phase

spiral arteries and glands in (1)____ of endometrium grow as endometrium becomes thicker, developing (2)____

A
24
Q

Uterine Changes

Under the influence of ____, progesterone (and estrogens) from corpus luteum and promote further growth of endometrium into progestational phase, making it ready to host the fertilized oocyte

A
25
Q

Uterine Changes

Under the influence of LH,

→ rolesof progesterone (and estrogens) from corpus luteum ?

A

They promote further growth of endometrium into progestational phase, making it ready to host the fertilized oocyte

26
Q

Uterine Changes

Under the influence of LH,

→ progesterone (and estrogens) from corpus luteum and promote further growth of endometrium into (1)____, making it ready to host the (2)____

A

progestational phase

fertilized oocyte

27
Q

Uterine Changes

If fertilization not occur, (1)___ drop and (2)____ close

A
  1. levels of progesterone from corpus luteum
  2. spiral arteries to follicular layer of endometrium
28
Q

Uterine Changes

If fertilization not occur, levels of progesterone from corpus luteum drop and spiral arteries to follicular layer of endometrium close

→ What happen to follicular layer?

A

follicular layer becomes ischemic, dies, and is shed during menstrual phase