Lect 20 Mental disorders

Question 1

Classification of mental disorders

Answer 1

International Classification of Disease (ICD)

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental disorders (DSM)

Question 2

Leading cause of days out of role

Answer 2

mood

neuropsychiatric disorders, pain, PSTD

Question 3

Leading cause of disability

Answer 3

depression

Question 4

Leading causes of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs)

Answer 4

Men: Unipolar depressive disorders 3.4%
Alcohol use disorders 2.1%
Self-inflicted injuries 1.5%
Women: Unipolar depressive disorders 5.5%
Self-inflicted injuries 1.1%

Question 5

12-month prevalence

Answer 5

> 6% any anxiety disorder
4.2% any mood disorder
1% any alcohol disorder

Question 6

Depressive disorder

Answer 6

First scientific study by E. Durkheim

Symptoms: sustained sadness, loss of interest, inability to concentrate > 2 weeks

Question 7

Patient groups recommended for screening

Answer 7

UK; coronary heart disease, diabetes, Parkinson, dementia, alcoholism

Question 8

Tools for screening

Answer 8

Patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9)
Beck Depression Inventory
Zung self depression scale

Question 9

Strongest risk factors of suicide

Answer 9

mood disorders
other mental disorders
comorbid sustance abuse disorder
history of deliberate self harm (DSH)
history of suicide attempts

Question 10

Some anxiety disoders

Answer 10

Specific phobia
Post traumatic stress (PSTD)
Panic disorder

Question 11

Most common neurological disorders in the primary care

Answer 11

headache (73,5%)
epilepsy 72,5%
Cerebrovascular disease 62,7%

Question 12

Types of headaches

Answer 12

Tension-type
Migraine
Cluster headache
Headache due to medication overuse

Question 13

Evidence-based risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease

Answer 13

Increasing age
Fewer years of education
diabetes
ApoL E e4 allelle

Question 14

Evidence-based protective factors

Answer 14

Use of NSAIDs

Regular physical & mental activity

Question 15

Forms of mental retardation

Answer 15

Mild (IQ 50-69)
Moderate (IQ 35-49)
Severe (IQ 20-34)
Profound (IQ <20)

Question 16

Preventable by screening + dietary changes

Answer 16

Phenylketonuria
Galactosemia
Congenital hypothyroidism - cretinism

Question 17

Public health approach to mental disorders

Answer 17

Put mental health on the agenda
Prevent
Provide effective care
Rehabilitate patients

Question 18

Prevention approach by Public health

Answer 18

Facilitating optimal childhood development
Immunization (polymyelitis, meningitis, tb, Hib)
Screening (depression, PKU, iodine def…)
Seat belt + helmets prevent head injuries