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Preventive Medicine > Ecolology questions > Flashcards

Ecolology questions Flashcards

1
Q

Green house gases

A

CO2, CH4, CFCs, N2O, O3

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2
Q

Fine airborne particles (PM2,5 particles) deposits in

A

Bronchiles

PAH, fossil fuel

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3
Q

Lung and bladder cancer are associated with exposure to_____in drinking water

A

arsenic

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4
Q

Organophosphates

A

can inhibit acetylcholine esterase

are nerve poisons

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5
Q

Desertification associated with

A

Malnutrition
infectious diseases
Vitamin A deficiency

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6
Q

Pneumoconiosis

A

Mechanism
Reaction of lung tissue with non fibrogenic coal dust (US)
can be caused by silica contain coal and gangue (da quang)
cause airway hypersensitivity, dust deposition induced fibrosils

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7
Q

Agents in biological weapons

A

Anthrax, Botulinum toxin, Staph. enterotoxin B, Venezuelan equine encephalitis, tularemia, pest, pox, pathogen of hemorrhage fever

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8
Q

Major contributing factor involved in foodborne outbreaks

A

Contamination during food transportation, raw material, inadequate handling, misuse temperature, not store food properly

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9
Q

Chronic neurotoxic effects of lead exposure

A

personal change, memory loss, depression, peripheral neuropathy (paralysis)

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10
Q

Components of Los Angeles smoke?

A

NO2, O3, PAN (peryoxy acetylnitrate)

it is produced due to temperature inversion

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11
Q

Which chemical contaminant in drinking water is responsible for the development of skeletal deformities and bone fractures?

A

Cd (cadmium)

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12
Q

What are trihalomethanes?

A

are chemical compounds in which three of the four hydrogen atoms of methane (CH4) are replaced by halogen atoms
uses in industry as solvents or refrigerants,
THMs are also environmental pollutants, and many are considered carcinogenic
need to know it is the by-product of H2O treatment use in swimmingpool

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13
Q

Which are the most important heavy metals in public health aspects?

A

Hg, Pb, Cd, Ni

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14
Q

List at least 5 occupational pollutants causing lung cancer

A

Asbestos fiber, Coal, Silicon fiber, Berylium fibers,hard metal (W,Ti), Alluminum, Talc

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15
Q

What are the symptoms of chronic lead poisoning?

A

hemolysis anemia, nephropathy, memory loss, still birth, spontaneous abortion, depression, infertility in men, hypertension

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16
Q

What are work related disease?

A

Back pain, occupational asthma, COPD, carpal tunnel syndrome, pneumoconiosis, hand arm vibration syndrome, sick building symdrome…

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17
Q

List common vehicles (food groups) causing food poisoning

A

Milk and diary product
Meat
Seafood
Fish

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18
Q

Possible approaches of the prevention and control of iron deficiency

A 
Food based approaches: Food fortification, dietary improvement
Iron supplementation (women)
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19
Q

Priority urban air polutants

A

CO, SO2, (NO)x, O3, SPM (suspended paticles matters), lead

20
Q

Types of biological weapons do not form epidermics

A

Staph Enterotoxin B
Botulinum toxin
Trichothecene mycotoxin T2

21
Q

Agents of asthma

A

household allergen, dust, pollen

22
Q

Reason for cadmium bone defects

A

Causing decrease in Vitamin D, increase in PTH

23
Q

Reason for hyperpigmentation from water

A

arsenic contamination

24
Q

Nicotine damage in children

A

change heart rate, BP, breathing pattern, asthma, memory loss, decrease appetite
Sudden death infant

25
Q

Benzene effects

A

short term: headache tremor, confusion, dizziness, vomitting

long term: myeloid leukemia, anemia

26
Q

Main food source of mercury

A

fish, vegetable, fruit

27
Q

Mechanism of silicosis

A

chronic exposure to silica peroxide (SiO2) -> scar tissue -> lung fibrosis -> nodule formation -> respiratory failure

28
Q

PM 10 effects

A

emphysema, asthma, COPD, lower respiratory tract symptoms

29
Q

Prevention of occupational diseases

A

Elimination, substitution, change process, control at design, engineering control, maintaining, training, education, protective equipment

30
Q

Mercury effects on oral cavity

A

gingivitis, stomatitis, increase in saliva

31
Q

Mechanism of greenhouse effect

A

Normally, surface of the earth just absorb a little amount of solar radiation and reflect the most, now thanks to the green house gases in the cold air layer, they absorbed solar radiation and radiate back to the surface of the earth, result in warming effect!!

32
Q

Reservoirs and way of transmission of menigitis

A

Human and airborne droplets

33
Q

Effects of Ozone

A

Short term: nasal discharge, airway irritation, breathing difficulty, lower respiratory tract symptoms, headache
Long term: less consistent, risk factor for asthma

34
Q

Main enviromental exposure to mercury

A

Air, Water, Food, Amalgam tooth filling

35
Q

Biomarker of benzene, toluene, xylene

A

Benzene: trans, trans mucoaldehyde
Toluene: hipuric acid
Xylene: o-m-p methyl hipuric acid

36
Q

IARC

A

1: benzene, arsenic, formaldehyde, PCBs
2a nicotine
2b: THMs, styrene, dichloromethane

37
Q

Ecosphere

A

Atmosphere
Lithosphere
Hydrosphere
Biosphere

38
Q

POPs

A

Persistent organic pollutants
organochlorine pesticides: aldrin, edrin, DDT, heptachlor
chemicals: PCDDs, PCDFs, PCBs

39
Q

CFCs source

A

air spray, refrigeration, industrial, cleaning

40
Q

Health effects of transplacental PCBs

A

Low birth weight, pigmented nails, dark pigmentation, facial edema, dental abnormalities

41
Q

Weapons of mass destruction

A

Are types of weapons, which are able to make large devastation in living organism, military devices, buildings and facilities in short time by the special nature and size of their effect, compared to the traditional weapons if used similarly.

42
Q

List at least 4 acute radiation symptoms

A

Bleeding, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, headache, fatigue, dizziness

43
Q

Mention 5 casues of bladder cancer

A
  • Aluminum
  • Rubber industry
  • Leather industry
  • 4-aminobiphenyl,
  • Benzidine
44
Q

Mentinon some components of sick building syndromes

A

Asthma, asthma like symptoms
Neurotoxic signs
GI tracts complication
Mucous membrane irritations

45
Q

Mention 2 components frequently consumed in French quisine with dietry benefits:

A
  • Resveratrol- lower LDL cholesterol

- Quercetin: reduces risk of cancer

Preventive Medicine (3 decks)

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