Ecolology questions Flashcards
Green house gases
CO2, CH4, CFCs, N2O, O3
Fine airborne particles (PM2,5 particles) deposits in
Bronchiles
PAH, fossil fuel
Lung and bladder cancer are associated with exposure to_____in drinking water
arsenic
Organophosphates
can inhibit acetylcholine esterase
are nerve poisons
Desertification associated with
Malnutrition
infectious diseases
Vitamin A deficiency
Pneumoconiosis
Mechanism
Reaction of lung tissue with non fibrogenic coal dust (US)
can be caused by silica contain coal and gangue (da quang)
cause airway hypersensitivity, dust deposition induced fibrosils
Agents in biological weapons
Anthrax, Botulinum toxin, Staph. enterotoxin B, Venezuelan equine encephalitis, tularemia, pest, pox, pathogen of hemorrhage fever
Major contributing factor involved in foodborne outbreaks
Contamination during food transportation, raw material, inadequate handling, misuse temperature, not store food properly
Chronic neurotoxic effects of lead exposure
personal change, memory loss, depression, peripheral neuropathy (paralysis)
Components of Los Angeles smoke?
NO2, O3, PAN (peryoxy acetylnitrate)
it is produced due to temperature inversion
Which chemical contaminant in drinking water is responsible for the development of skeletal deformities and bone fractures?
Cd (cadmium)
What are trihalomethanes?
are chemical compounds in which three of the four hydrogen atoms of methane (CH4) are replaced by halogen atoms
uses in industry as solvents or refrigerants,
THMs are also environmental pollutants, and many are considered carcinogenic
need to know it is the by-product of H2O treatment use in swimmingpool
Which are the most important heavy metals in public health aspects?
Hg, Pb, Cd, Ni
List at least 5 occupational pollutants causing lung cancer
Asbestos fiber, Coal, Silicon fiber, Berylium fibers,hard metal (W,Ti), Alluminum, Talc
What are the symptoms of chronic lead poisoning?
hemolysis anemia, nephropathy, memory loss, still birth, spontaneous abortion, depression, infertility in men, hypertension
What are work related disease?
Back pain, occupational asthma, COPD, carpal tunnel syndrome, pneumoconiosis, hand arm vibration syndrome, sick building symdrome…
List common vehicles (food groups) causing food poisoning
Milk and diary product
Meat
Seafood
Fish
Possible approaches of the prevention and control of iron deficiency
Food based approaches: Food fortification, dietary improvement Iron supplementation (women)
Priority urban air polutants
CO, SO2, (NO)x, O3, SPM (suspended paticles matters), lead
Types of biological weapons do not form epidermics
Staph Enterotoxin B
Botulinum toxin
Trichothecene mycotoxin T2
Agents of asthma
household allergen, dust, pollen
Reason for cadmium bone defects
Causing decrease in Vitamin D, increase in PTH
Reason for hyperpigmentation from water
arsenic contamination
Nicotine damage in children
change heart rate, BP, breathing pattern, asthma, memory loss, decrease appetite
Sudden death infant
Benzene effects
short term: headache tremor, confusion, dizziness, vomitting
long term: myeloid leukemia, anemia
Main food source of mercury
fish, vegetable, fruit
Mechanism of silicosis
chronic exposure to silica peroxide (SiO2) -> scar tissue -> lung fibrosis -> nodule formation -> respiratory failure
PM 10 effects
emphysema, asthma, COPD, lower respiratory tract symptoms
Prevention of occupational diseases
Elimination, substitution, change process, control at design, engineering control, maintaining, training, education, protective equipment
Mercury effects on oral cavity
gingivitis, stomatitis, increase in saliva
Mechanism of greenhouse effect
Normally, surface of the earth just absorb a little amount of solar radiation and reflect the most, now thanks to the green house gases in the cold air layer, they absorbed solar radiation and radiate back to the surface of the earth, result in warming effect!!
Reservoirs and way of transmission of menigitis
Human and airborne droplets
Effects of Ozone
Short term: nasal discharge, airway irritation, breathing difficulty, lower respiratory tract symptoms, headache
Long term: less consistent, risk factor for asthma
Main enviromental exposure to mercury
Air, Water, Food, Amalgam tooth filling
Biomarker of benzene, toluene, xylene
Benzene: trans, trans mucoaldehyde
Toluene: hipuric acid
Xylene: o-m-p methyl hipuric acid
IARC
1: benzene, arsenic, formaldehyde, PCBs
2a nicotine
2b: THMs, styrene, dichloromethane
Ecosphere
Atmosphere
Lithosphere
Hydrosphere
Biosphere
POPs
Persistent organic pollutants
organochlorine pesticides: aldrin, edrin, DDT, heptachlor
chemicals: PCDDs, PCDFs, PCBs
CFCs source
air spray, refrigeration, industrial, cleaning
Health effects of transplacental PCBs
Low birth weight, pigmented nails, dark pigmentation, facial edema, dental abnormalities
Weapons of mass destruction
Are types of weapons, which are able to make large devastation in living organism, military devices, buildings and facilities in short time by the special nature and size of their effect, compared to the traditional weapons if used similarly.
List at least 4 acute radiation symptoms
Bleeding, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, headache, fatigue, dizziness
Mention 5 casues of bladder cancer
- Aluminum
- Rubber industry
- Leather industry
- 4-aminobiphenyl,
- Benzidine
Mentinon some components of sick building syndromes
Asthma, asthma like symptoms
Neurotoxic signs
GI tracts complication
Mucous membrane irritations
Mention 2 components frequently consumed in French quisine with dietry benefits:
- Resveratrol- lower LDL cholesterol
- Quercetin: reduces risk of cancer
