Lec.2 SpinalCord Ex.Features

Question 1

1. Begins opposite ………
   Ends opposite ……… At birth & ……….. In adults
2. Its length ………
3. …….. Gives origin to brachial plexus (…..-…..)
4. …….. Gives origin to lumbar&sacral
   plexuses (…..-…..)

Answer 1

1. Upper border of Atlas vertebra
  L3 & the disc between l1 and l2 
2. 45 cm
3. Cervical enlargement & (C4-T1)
4. Lumbar enlargement & (L1-S4)

Question 2

1. A tapering lower end ………
2. A thin filament of pia mater ………
3. The collection of spinal nerves that surround the film terminale …………

Answer 2

1. Conus medullaris
2. Filum terminale
3. Cauda aquina

Question 3

1. Anterior root contains ………. And ……….. Fibers
2. Posterior root purely ………..
3. ………………. Carries post. Root ganglion
4. All anterior rami form plexuses except ……..
5. ……………… Send white rami communicants to sympathetic ganglia(pre), they are ………..
6. …………….. Receive grey rami communicants from sympathetic ganglia (post), they are ……..
7. Both rami of ……. Are purely motor
8. ……………. Plays a role in referred pain or occipital headache
9. ……………. The first branch of mixed spinal nerve

Answer 3

1. Motor & Autonomic
2. Sensory
3. Posterior root
4. 12 thoracic (intercostal nerves)
5. Only 14 anterior rami(12 thoracic and 2 lumbar) & axons of neurons of lateral horn
6. All 31 anterior rami & axons of neurons in the sympathetic ganglia
7. C1
8. Recurrent meningeal nerve
9. Recurrent meningeal nerve

Question 4

1. C6 segment is opposite …… Vertebra
2. T6 ……..
3. T12 ……..
4. L5 ……
5. All sacral and coccygeal ……….
6. C1 &2 are ……….
7. C3 - T12 are ……..
8. L1 - Co are ……..
9. C1-7 pass …….. &C8 pass ………. C7
10. T1 -L5 pass ………..
11. S1-4 pass ……………
12. S5 &Co pass …………….

Answer 4

1. C5
2. T4
3. T9
4. L1
5. L1
6. Horizontal
7. Oblique
8. Vertical
9. Above & below
10. Below
11. Via ant. And post. Sacral foramina
12. Via the sacral hiatus

Question 5

1. ………. & ………. Lumbar nerves are the most common to compression
2. The dura and arachnid mater form one tube which ends opposite …………
3. Extradural space contains ………
4. Subdural space contains …………
5. Subarachnoid space contains ………
6. 3 ligaments supporting spinal cord are ……… & ………. & …………
7. In lumbar puncture, a needle is introduced to …………. Just above or below ……….. For diagnostic or therapeutic uses

Answer 5

1. 4th & 5th
2. S2
3. Fat & small arteries & venous Plexus & lymphatics
4. Thin filament of fluids
5. CSF & 3 ligaments
6. Filum terminale & ligamentum denticulatum & subarachnoid septum
7. Subarachnoid space & L4