Lec.1: Epidemiology of Glaucoma Flashcards
refers to total number of instances of a given disease or other condition in a given population.
prevalence
refers to the number of new cases of a disease?
incidence
percentage of population with glaucoma?
3% (4x that are suspects)
in regards to angles, will most cases be open or closed angle variety?
open
what type of glaucoma requires the patient to have pressures of 21 mmHg or higher?
POAG
how does ocular hypertension differ from POAG?
both have pressures greater than 21 mmHg but you cannot identify damage to the ON or VF using standard techniques in ocular hypertension
what is the prevalence of POAG in caucasian population?
2%
what is the prevelence of POAG in African Americans?
4x the amount in caucasians (about 8%)
is it true that the prevalence of ocular hypertension is much greater in caucasians than POAG?
yes
which population is most likely to get an angle closure glaucoma?
chinese
based on refractive error, who is more at risk of having an angle closure?
hyperopes
what exactly causes glaucoma?
we dont know. best we can do is come up with a list or risk factors
due to higher prevalence of POAG, at what age would you notice an increase of POAG in african americans?
35 yrs
what is the glaucoma triad?
ON damage, VF deficit and elevated IOP
what pressure indicates an 80% chance that the patient has POAG?
30 mmHg
what IOP indicates a 70% chance that the patient has POAG?
26 mmHg
is prevalence for POAG always the same for latinos and caucasians?
at first yes. but with age latino’s have a higher prevalence than even african americans
is there an association between diabetes and glaucoma?
for boards yes… but in reality there is no physiological evidence
why might early diabetics and first time smokers have better protection against glaucoma?
more rigorous retinal blood flow in early stages (things get worse later though)
equation for ocular perfusion pressure?
BP-IOP
as diastolic perfusion pressure increases, what happens to the prevalence of POAG?
decreases
at first HTN can protect the eye from glaucoma. why is that effect temporary?
once HTN gets worse the arteries will start to narrow, so there will be a decrease in blood flow
how many people are blind from glaucoma?
approx 6.7 million people
what percentage of people over 70 have glaucoma?
8%
