Lec Reports Flashcards
T or F. In flourescence spectroscopy, the analysis of infrared light interacting with a molecule–can be measured three ways: absorption, emission and reflection.
F (Infrared Spectroscopy)
A detailed instrumentation that measures the difference between the
amount of IR of a particular wavelength generated by the lamp and the amount that reaches the detector.
Nondispersive (also a gas monitor for air pollution)
It examines IR radiation absorbed by the sample using a prism or grating in separating. Its detectors are also used to measure light strength.
Dispersive (labor-intensive)
This instrumentation analyzes the wavelengths or frequencies of radiation absorbed by a sample
Fourier Transform
The process involves converting the sample into gaseous ions (w/ or w/o fragmentation) which are then characterized by the mass-to-charge ratios and relative abundances
Mass Spectrometry
T or F. Mass spectrometers have high vacuum means they operate at very high pressure
F (All mass spectrometers operate at very low pressure (high vacuum)
This process in MS is used to separate and identify ions in a sample as they hit the detector, allowing for the determination of the composition of the sample based on the masses of its constituent molecules or atoms.
Deflection
T or F. The sample into the ion source undergoes acceleration before producing positively or negatively charged ions
F (it undergoes ionization first in order for them to be accelerated between two flat plates that have opposite charges)
T or F. One advantages of MS is it has has relatively low sensitivity compared to other
analytical techniques
F (disadvantage)
It is a lab technique that divides DNA, RNA, or protein combinations based on their molecular size
Gel electrophoresis
This acts as a molecular sieve which separates
molecules
Support Media
It is a solution of DNA of different lengths used as a reference to estimate the size of unknown DNA molecules separated
based on their mobility in the electrical field
Starch Gel and DNA Ladder
Investigative process that utilizes fluorescence properties of samples for quantitative measurements of chemical properties
Fluorescence spectroscopy
This will only fluoresce if they are illuminated with a light of corresponding wavelength (depends on the absorbance spectrum); ensure that enough energy is delivered to elevate the electrons into an excited state
Fluorochromes
This contains the experimentally needed chromatic light (with a wavelength range of 10 nm)
Monochromators
Provides energy to change the electronic state of a sample when it absorbs or emits EM radiation
Light sources (UVS)
T or F. Ultraviolet rays have a wavelengths of 400 to 700 nanometers.
F (visible light)
This can be seen and distinguished optically by the naked eye; lies between ultraviolet and infrared light
Visible light
T or F. Ultraviolet radiations lies between visible light and X-rays along the EM spectrum
T
This tudies absorption, emission, and scattering of EM radiation by particles in solid, liquid, or gas form
Spectroscopy
measures radiation (via wavelengths) absorbed and transmitted by a sample (in comparison to a reference/blank sample) to quantify its chemical properties
UV-Vis Spectroscopy
It determines concentration of solute in solution based on the potential of electrochemical cells (without drawing current); static conditions preserve analyte composition
Potentiometry
T or F. The light bulb lights up whenever electrons flow from cathode to anode
F (anode to cat)
T or F. The salt bridge contains ions that flow into both sides of the cell which acidify both solutions to prevent buildup of charge.
F (neutralize)
T or F. The speed at which the molecules move through the pores in the gel is proportional to their lengths.
F (inversely proportional; smaller DNA molecule will go through the gel further than a bigger one)
This is commonly used to run comparisons of DNA, in medical laboratories to do genetic testing, and in microbiology labs to identify microorganisms.
Electrophoresis Apparatus
It is the point of comparison for unknown potentials
Reference Electrode
T or F. The electrode on which reduction occurs is called cathode, and the electrode on which oxidation occurs is called anode.
True
It is a device that can generate electrical energy from the chemical reactions occurring in it, or use the electrical energy supplied to it to facilitate chemical reactions in it.
Electrochemical Cell
The general process. of UV Vis Spectroscopy
A. Light Source → Beam Separator → Monochromator → Detector → Data
B. Monochromator →Light Source → Beam Separator → Data → Detector
C. Light Source → Monochromator → Beam Separator → Detector → Data
C
This states that the absorbance of light (A) is directly proportional to the concentration of the absorbing species (c) and the path length (l) the light travels through the solution.
Beer’s Law (UVS)
It is a fundamental concept in mass spectrometry, which is a technique used to analyze the mass and structure of molecules
Mass-to-charge (m/z) ratio
