Lec Reports

Question 1

T or F. In flourescence spectroscopy, the analysis of infrared light interacting with a molecule–can be measured three ways: absorption, emission and reflection.

Answer 1

F (Infrared Spectroscopy)

Question 2

A detailed instrumentation that measures the difference between the
amount of IR of a particular wavelength generated by the lamp and the amount that reaches the detector.

Answer 2

Nondispersive (also a gas monitor for air pollution)

Question 3

It examines IR radiation absorbed by the sample using a prism or grating in separating. Its detectors are also used to measure light strength.

Answer 3

Dispersive (labor-intensive)

Question 4

This instrumentation analyzes the wavelengths or frequencies of radiation absorbed by a sample

Answer 4

Fourier Transform

Question 5

The process involves converting the sample into gaseous ions (w/ or w/o fragmentation) which are then characterized by the mass-to-charge ratios and relative abundances

Answer 5

Mass Spectrometry

Question 6

T or F. Mass spectrometers have high vacuum means they operate at very high pressure

Answer 6

F (All mass spectrometers operate at very low pressure (high vacuum)

Question 7

This process in MS is used to separate and identify ions in a sample as they hit the detector, allowing for the determination of the composition of the sample based on the masses of its constituent molecules or atoms.

Answer 7

Deflection

Question 8

T or F. The sample into the ion source undergoes acceleration before producing positively or negatively charged ions

Answer 8

F (it undergoes ionization first in order for them to be accelerated between two flat plates that have opposite charges)

Question 9

T or F. One advantages of MS is it has has relatively low sensitivity compared to other
analytical techniques

Answer 9

F (disadvantage)

Question 10

It is a lab technique that divides DNA, RNA, or protein combinations based on their molecular size

Answer 10

Gel electrophoresis

Question 11

This acts as a molecular sieve which separates
molecules

Answer 11

Support Media

Question 12

It is a solution of DNA of different lengths used as a reference to estimate the size of unknown DNA molecules separated
based on their mobility in the electrical field

Answer 12

Starch Gel and DNA Ladder

Question 13

Investigative process that utilizes fluorescence properties of samples for quantitative measurements of chemical properties

Answer 13

Fluorescence spectroscopy

Question 14

This will only fluoresce if they are illuminated with a light of corresponding wavelength (depends on the absorbance spectrum); ensure that enough energy is delivered to elevate the electrons into an excited state

Answer 14

Fluorochromes

Question 15

This contains the experimentally needed chromatic light (with a wavelength range of 10 nm)

Answer 15

Monochromators

Question 16

Provides energy to change the electronic state of a sample when it absorbs or emits EM radiation

Answer 16

Light sources (UVS)

Question 17

T or F. Ultraviolet rays have a wavelengths of 400 to 700 nanometers.

Answer 17

F (visible light)

Question 18

This can be seen and distinguished optically by the naked eye; lies between ultraviolet and infrared light

Answer 18

Visible light

Question 19

T or F. Ultraviolet radiations lies between visible light and X-rays along the EM spectrum

Answer 19

T

Question 20

This tudies absorption, emission, and scattering of EM radiation by particles in solid, liquid, or gas form

Answer 20

Spectroscopy

Question 21

measures radiation (via wavelengths) absorbed and transmitted by a sample (in comparison to a reference/blank sample) to quantify its chemical properties

Answer 21

UV-Vis Spectroscopy

Question 22

It determines concentration of solute in solution based on the potential of electrochemical cells (without drawing current); static conditions preserve analyte composition

Answer 22

Potentiometry

Question 23

T or F. The light bulb lights up whenever electrons flow from cathode to anode

Answer 23

F (anode to cat)

Question 24

T or F. The salt bridge contains ions that flow into both sides of the cell which acidify both solutions to prevent buildup of charge.

Answer 24

F (neutralize)

Question 25

T or F. The speed at which the molecules move through the pores in the gel is proportional to their lengths.

Answer 25

F (inversely proportional; smaller DNA molecule will go through the gel further than a bigger one)

Question 26

This is commonly used to run comparisons of DNA, in medical laboratories to do genetic testing, and in microbiology labs to identify microorganisms.

Answer 26

Electrophoresis Apparatus

Question 27

It is the point of comparison for unknown potentials

Answer 27

Reference Electrode

Question 28

T or F. The electrode on which reduction occurs is called cathode, and the electrode on which oxidation occurs is called anode.

Answer 28

True

Question 29

It is a device that can generate electrical energy from the chemical reactions occurring in it, or use the electrical energy supplied to it to facilitate chemical reactions in it.

Answer 29

Electrochemical Cell

Question 30

The general process. of UV Vis Spectroscopy

A. Light Source → Beam Separator → Monochromator → Detector → Data
B. Monochromator →Light Source → Beam Separator → Data → Detector
C. Light Source → Monochromator → Beam Separator → Detector → Data

Answer 30

C

Question 31

This states that the absorbance of light (A) is directly proportional to the concentration of the absorbing species (c) and the path length (l) the light travels through the solution.

Answer 31

Beer’s Law (UVS)

Question 32

It is a fundamental concept in mass spectrometry, which is a technique used to analyze the mass and structure of molecules

Answer 32

Mass-to-charge (m/z) ratio