[Lec] MU5.2: Systemic Mycoses (Olanotes) Flashcards
fungal infections that affect internal organs and tissues, often spreading throughout the body
Systemic Mycoses
T/F:
Systemic mycoses affect individuals even with healthy immune systems.
T
Systemic mycoses:
inhalation of _______ from the environment
spores
(airborne conidia)
Systemic Mycoses:
After inhalation, the infection typically starts in the ______ but can disseminate to other organs such as the liver, spleen, skin, and central nervous system.
lungs
What species:
found in moist soil and decaying organic matter
Blastomyces dermatitidis
What species:
affects the lungs and can spread to the skin, bones, and other organs
Blastomyces dermatitidis
What species:
endemic in desert regions
Coccidioides spp. (C. immitis, C. posadasii)
What species:
infection may remain localized to the lungs or disseminate to the skin, bones, and central nervous system
Coccidioides spp. (C. immitis, C. posadasii)
What species:
commonly found in soil contaminated with bird or bat droppings
Histoplasma capsulatum
What species:
infection can spread from the lungs to the liver, spleen, and bone marrow
Histoplasma capsulatum
What species:
found in South and Central America
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis
What species:
lead to chronic respiratory disease and may spread to other organs like the skin and lymph nodes
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis
What species:
inflammatory nodules
pus-forming
pneumonia-like symptoms
Blastomyces dermatitidis
What species:
frequently involved in outdoor activities, higher prevalence in men could also be due to behavioral or occupational factors
Blastomyces dermatitidis
What species:
Symptoms include fever, cough, chest pain, fatigue, muscle aches (myalgia)
Blastomyces dermatitidis
What species:
The skin lesions usually begin as papules or pustules that later develop into ulcerated granulomas (localized nodules of inflamed tissue).
Blastomyces dermatitidis
What species:
affects the face, neck, hands, and arms
Blastomyces dermatitidis
What species:
edges of the lesion are actively expanding
Blastomyces dermatitidis
What species:
In the environment as a mold that produces fungal spores, released into the air, and enter the lungs
Blastomyces dermatitidis
Blastomycosis:
The body temperature allows the spores to transform into _______.
yeast
T/F: (Blastomycosis)
A negative CFT indicates exposure to the fungus or an active infection.
F; positive
What disease:
causing flu-like symptoms or severe pneumonia
Blastomycosis (Pulmonary)
What disease:
Manifests as ulcerated, granulomatous skin lesion
Blastomycosis (Cutaneous)
What disease:
spreads from the lungs to other organs, particularly the skin, bones, genitourinary system, and, rarely, the CNS
Blastomycosis (Disseminated)
Blastomycosis:
treatment for severe cases or disseminated infections
Amphotericin B
Blastomycosis:
treatment for mild-to-moderate cases and as follow-up after initial treatment for severe cases
Itraconazole
What disease:
60% of cases, infection is asymptomatic
Coccidioidomycosis
Allergic manifestation in Coccidioidomycosis:
Painful, red nodules on the shins or other parts of the body
Erythema nodosum
Allergic manifestation in Coccidioidomycosis:
A hypersensitivity reaction with red, target-like skin lesions
Erythema multiforme
T/F:
In blastomycosis, medical treatment is needed to control and resolve the infection.
F; even without medical treatment, the body can control and resolve the infection
What species:
dissemination occurs in less than 1% of all infections but may be fatal
Coccidioides spp;
(coccidioidal meningitis)
Histoplasma capsulatum:
endemic in parts of the USA especially in?
Ohio and Mississippi River valleys
What species:
Samuel Darling observed its presence in tissue samples from patients with systemic infections
Histoplasma capsulatum
What species:
thrives in acidic soils, often enriched by organic material, which aids in its proliferation
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis
What species:
produces bud-like structures (multiple blastoconidia)
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis
