(lec) immune system Flashcards by Channtal <3

Composed of cells, tissues and organs that provides the body mechanisms to resist infection and
disease

lymphoid system

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clear substance from the interstitial fluid which flows through the lymphatic vessels

lymphatic fluid

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primary or secondary: lymphoid organ associated with the acquisition of immunocompetency

primary

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primary or secondary: lymphoid organs which serves as the training ground of immune cells

secondary

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primary or secondary: BM, Thymus

primary

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primary or secondary: spleen, lymph nodes, MALT, GALT

secondary

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B lymphocytes are mediators of __
immunity

humoral

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T lymphocytes are mediators of __
immunity

cell-mediated

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antigen presenting cells (4)

dendritic cells
macrophages
b-cells
follicular dendritic cells

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morse: natural killer cells are similar looking with lymphocytes. both cells have surface markers.

tf (nk is parang lympho but w/o surface markers)

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MHC class found in dendritic cells

MHC class 2

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t/f: all APCs present processed antigens to t-helper cells

f (follicular dendritic cells present processed antigens to b cells)

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functions as chemical signals

cytokines

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cytokines are produced mainly by __ cells. these can also be produced by __ cells and __

immune cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts

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effector cells (3):

t lymphocytes
macrophages
granulocyts

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type of phagocytosis of neutrophils

frustrated phagocytosis

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type of phagocytosis of monocytes / macrophages

sustained / facilitated

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neutrophil chemotactic factors (5)

bacterial lipoteichooc acid
c’ peptide (c5a)
leukotriene b4
mast cell derived chemotactic peptide
neutrophil chemotactic peptide (IL8)

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monocyte / macrophage chemotactic factors (4)

transforming growth factors b
monocyte chemotactic protein 1
RANTES
macrophage inflammatory protein

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toll like receptors are present in __

monocytes / macrophages

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professional APC

dendritic cells

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Smallest granulocyte; Stimulate B cell to produce
antibodies

basophil

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Has phagocytic action; First line of defense against helminthic infection; Regulates the immune response

eosinophil

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effector function of t helper cells

cytokine production

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effector function of t helper cells

direct killing

CD marker surrounded by sheep rbc; rosette formation

CD2

neutrophil distribution

circulation & marginating pools

monocyte distribution

blood circulation

macrophage distribution

tissues

opsonin receptors present in neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages

FcyR CR1 CRP

neutrophil life span

short-lived

monocyte/macrophage life span

long-lived

with abundant fc epsilon receptors

mast cells

receptor where IgE binds

FC epsilon receptor

APC that has the most number of MHC class 2

dendritic cell

dendritic cells are capable of __ or cross-presentation

cross priming

t/f: dendritic cells have both MHC class 1 and class 2 molecules

t (for cross-priming)

organelles important in cross-priming

proteosomes

2 types of dendritic cells

classical/conventional plasmacytoid

type of DC that resembles plasma cells and are able to release cytokines (e.g. type 1 - interferon)

plasmacytoid

third population cells / large granular lymphocytes

nk cells

t/f: nk cells kills target even without prior exposure

CD markers of NK cells

CD16, CD56

CD marker of NK cells associated with ADCC

CD16

ADCC

Antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity

receptors of NK cells: killer inhibitory

KIR CD94/ NKG2A

receptors of NK cells: killer activation

CD16 NKG2D

virally infected cells express __ and __

micA, micB

which nk receptor is activated when there is no virus in the cell

KIR

stronger and faster response of lymphocytes when encountering the same antigen for the 2nd time

anamnestic response

t-cell differentiation: cells that enters the corticomedullary junction and moves toward the cortex where TCR receptors starts to form

prothymocytes/ t-lymphocyte precursor

t-cell differentiation: random rearrangement in the gene occurs to code for the TCR

pro-t cells / double negative thymocytes

t-cell differentiation: positive and negative selection occurs

pre-t cells / double positive thymocytes

CD marker associated with TCR

CD3

t/f: in the selection process of pre-t cells, TCR must react to your antigen for it to be saved and positively selected

f (negative selection if nagreact, positive if di nagreact)

t/f: class 1 and 2 molecules play an important role in the selection process of pre-t cells

t (if recognized by class 1, CD8; if recognized by class 2, CD4)

CD4/CD8: direct killing

CD8

CD4/CD8: cytokine production

CD4

Th(1,2,17, or reg): activates macrophage

Th1

Th(1,2,17, or reg): activates b cells

Th2

Th(1,2,17, or reg): regulates immune response

Treg

CD marker of memory cells

CD127+

b-cell differentiation: rearrangement of genes occur which codes for heavy and light chains of BCR

pro-b cell

t/f: light chains are formed first than heavy chains

b-cell differentiation: genes formed are used to form chains (heavy & light)

pre-b cell

b cell differentiation: surface immunoglobulin is formed, IgM complete

immature B cell

t-lymph % in the blood

75-85%

b-lymph % in the blood

10-15%

t/f: plasma cells are rich in RER

plasma cells have prominent __ nucleus; __ appearance

eccentric, wagon wheel

plasma cells have specialized golgi apparatus at __ region

hoff region (pale/halo-like area)

memory b cells cd marker

CD27

counterpart of BM in animals

bursa fabricius

bilobed organ; site of development of functional t-cells; undergoes physiologic atrophy

thymus

IL7 may be produced by thymus cells also known as

hassl corpuscles / thymic cortical epithelial cells

capsulated organs

spleen & lymph nodes

collecting points of lymphatic fluid; filters lymph of its impurities

lymph node

cells found in the cortex of lymph nodes

b cells

cells found in the paracortex of lymph nodes

T cells, APCs

cells found in the medulla of lymph nodes

plasma cells

t/f: the secondary follicles at the cortex are has a germinal center called the germinal center of flemming

primary / secondary follicle: primed, activated b cells

secondary

primary/secondary follicle: resting “naive” b cells

primary

process if how lymph moves from blood to a particular tissue

homing

2 types of splenic tissue

red pulp white pulp

cells found in periarteriolar Lymphoid Sheath (PALS)

t cells

cells found in the primary follicle of the spleen

unstimulated b cells

cells found in the marginal zone of the spleen

dendritic cells, APCs

cytokines promoting chemotaxis

chemokines