Lec 4: Mapping the World Economy Flashcards
What are the 7 key factors that determine industrial location?
1) Access to inputs
2) Availability of labor
3) Processing costs (different costs depending on the place)
4) Pull of the market (depends on the market in which the particular product is sold)
5) Transfer costs
6) Institutional and cultural factors (governments provide subsidies for products in certain places)
7) Behavioral considerations (owners’ personal choices, etc)
What are the four tiers of the industrial structure of economies?
1) Primary activities
- natural resources
2) Secondary activities
- processing of raw materials into products
- light and heavy mfq
3) Tertiary activities
- sale and exchange of goods and services
- retail, sales, hairdresser
4) Quaternary activities
- research + development
Distinguish light and heavy mfq
light: finished consumer-oriented products
heavy: capital-intensive, intermediate products
describe the model of economic transition
At the beginning, the majority of the workforce is in the primary sector. It then transitions to the 2nd, secondary, the tertiary, and the quaternary.
Is global distribution of industry evenly distributed
no. it’s focused in regions that industrialized early:
- NA
- Europe
- Russia and ukraine
- East Asia
What are NA’s 2 major manufacturing regions?
- the rust belt
- the sun belt
What are the 3 main regions of the rust belt?
_ The North East
- The Great Lakes
- Canada
What did Boston traditionally manufacture, and what does it manufacture today?
traditionally: light mfq (clothes and textile)
today: electronics
What does NYC mfq?
New York: apparel industries, processed foods, book publishing
What did Pittsburgh mfq?
steel
What did philadelphia and baltimore mfq?
heavy mfq (steel, chemicals)
what did new jersey mfq?
chemicals
what did upstate NY produce
chemicals, optical devices
What did the following places in the great lakes region mfq?
- detroit
- chicago
- cleveland and akron, ohio
- detroit: cars
- chicago: meat packing and trains
- cleveland and akron, ohio: tires
What did southern ontario and montreal mfq as part of the rust belt?
Southern Ontario (cars, steel, chemicals), Montreal (aerospace,
textiles, pharmaceuticals, aluminum, pulp and paper)
What enabled the shift from frost belt to sun belt?
a transition from rigid mass production to flexible specialization
what are the 5 high tech pockets of the sun belt, and what do they mfq?
- so cal: aerospace, aircraft, apparel, electronics, biotechnology
- san fran: silicon valley
- seattle tacoma: aircraft and computers
- technology triangle: software (IBM)
- texas: high tech
What are the 5 main mfq areas of Europe?
Germany
France
Italy
UK
Spain
What are the 3 mfq areas of Germany, and what do they mfq?
Ruhr: steel, petrochemicals (heavy)
Saxony: optical devices (light)
Stuttgart: high precision, luxury cars
What are the 3 mfq areas of France, and what do they produce?
Ile de France: heavy, steel, cars, biotech (outside of paris), and pharmaceuticals
Lyon: textile, food
Sophia-Antipolis: electronics development, mini silicon valley
What are the 2 mfq areas of Italy, and what do they produce?
the golden triangle: heavy and light mfq
3rd Italy: fashion, artisanal activities
What are the 2 mfq areas of the UK
M4 corridor: hightech
Manchester: textile (key place in the beginning of the industrial revolution)
What are the 2 mfq areas of Spain?
Barcelona: heavy + light
Bilboa: heavy
What are Russia’s 4 main mfq areas?
central industrial region (moscow) and novgorod: heavy
volga region: steel, petrochemicals
urals region: resources (metallic ores)
vladivostok: proximity to asia
What are the 4 key industrial districts of Japan?
Kanto Plain
* primary industrial region
Kansai District (Kobe-Kyoto-
Osaka triangle)
* heavy industry
Kitakyushu District (Kyushu
Island)
* shipbuilding, steel
Toyama District
* paper, textiles
What does Japan’s industry depend on?
imports
What are the 4 key industrial districts of China?
N-E district: heavy industries, chinese Pittsburg
Northern district: textiles, farm equipment, light mfq
Chang district: iron and steel, and a variety of products
Guandong: world’s workshop, developing inland, micro chips
What is particular about Shenzen?
it experienced very rapid economic growth
What are the 4 asian tigers?
south korea: heavy industries, high tech
taiwan: high-tech industries
Hong kong: financial industries
Singapore: transportation hub, information-based activities
When did the 4 asian tigers develop?
late 20th century
