LEC 4-Bacterial Cell Structure

Question 1

What do bacteria have in terms of structure?

What do they not have?

Answer 1

They have: phospholipid bilayer; cell wall; cytoplasm; ribosomes
They do NOT have: membrane-bound organelles (like Golgi or ER)

They perform all the functions without COMPARTMENTALIZATION (without having smaller rooms for each function)

Question 2

What is the movement of a bacterial flagellum?

What part of the flagellum rotates?

Answer 2

Rotates like a corkscrew.

The part that rotates is called the hook.

Question 3

Where does the energy that is required to rotate the flagellum come from?

Answer 3

The energy for rotation comes from the hydrogen ion concentration gradient (H+ goes into the cell)

Question 4

What is the flagellum tail called? What is it a polymer of? What structure is this protein?

Answer 4

Filament
Polymer of flagellin
A protein with quaternary structure

Question 5

What is the basal apparatus?

What does it contain?

Answer 5

Is is the part of the flagellum that anchors the filament into the cell wall and membrane.
It contains a gear system that drives rotation.

Question 6

What are the monomers for peptidoglycan?

Answer 6

NAG & NAM.

Question 7

What is teichoic acid’s role in peptidoglycan?

Answer 7

To link the layers of PG together

Question 8

What is lipoteichoic acid’s role in peptidoglycan?

Answer 8

Links cell wall to the membrane

Question 9

What bacterial-specific structure do antibiotics kill?

Answer 9

Bacterial ribosomes and bacterial cell wall

Question 10

What is competitive exclusion?

Answer 10

Good bacteria produce inhibitory compounds that prevent growth and potential pathogens.