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Gross Ana - LE3 Abdomen > Lec 4 - Abdomen Feed (Batch 2025) > Flashcards

Lec 4 - Abdomen Feed (Batch 2025) Flashcards

1
Q

1.This surface landmark forms the lateral border of the rectus abdominis muscle:.
a. linea alba
b. linea semilunaris

c. transverse grooves

d. inguinal groove

A

b. linea semilunaris

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2
Q

2.Upon opening the abdomen inferior to the

umbilicus, the first layer of superficial fascia

encountered is:.

a. Colle’s fascia

b. Camper’s fascia

c. Scarpa’s fascia

d. fascia latae

A

b. Camper’s fascia

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3
Q

3.This flat muscle forms the inguinal ligament inferiorly.
a. external oblique
b. internal oblique

c. transversus abdominis

d. rectus abdominis

e. pyramidalis

A

a. external oblique

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4
Q

4.This muscle becomes aponeurotic distally and “splits” to form a sheath for the rectus abdominis.
a. external oblique

b. internal oblique

c. transversus abdominis

d. rectus abdominis

e. pyramidalis

A

b. internal oblique

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5
Q

5.Formed by the lateral and medial crura of the external oblique aponeurosis:.
a. superficial inguinal ring
b. pectineal ligament

c. inguinal ligament

d. conjoint tendon

e. lacunar ligament

A

a. superficial inguinal ring

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6
Q

6.Remnant of the embryonic urachus.

a. falciform ligament

b. ligamentum teres

c. lateral umbilical fold
d. medial umbilical fold

e. median umbilical fold

A

e. median umbilical fold

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7
Q

7.The spermatic cord contains the following

structures, EXCEPT:.

a. testicular artery

b. ductus deferens

c. cremasteric artery

d. pampiniform plexus

e. none of the choices are an exception

A

e. none of the choices are an exception

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8
Q

8.The esophageal hiatus transmits the following structures, EXCEPT.
a. anterior vagal trunk
b. esophagus

c. posterior vagal trunk

d. esophageal branch of the left gastric vessels
e. none of the choices are exceptions

A

e. none of the choices are exceptions

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9
Q

9.To which organ is the greater omentum attached?.
a. liver

b. transverse colon

c. spleen

d. pancreas

e. gallbladder

A

b. transverse colon

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10
Q

10.This opening connects the omental bursa to the peritoneal cavity:.
a. paracolic gutters
b. gallbladder fossa

c. subphrenic recess

d. foramen of Winslow

e. foramen of Morgagni

A

d. foramen of Winslow

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11
Q

11.The porta hepatis contains the following, EXCEPT:.
a. hepatic vein

b. heaptic artery

c. bile duct

d. portal vein

A

a. hepatic vein

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12
Q
  1. This structure ‘grossly’ divides the liver into two lobes:.
    a. triangular ligament
    b. falciform ligament
    c. gallbladder fossa
    d. coronary ligament
A

b. falciform ligament

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13
Q

13.Provides the majority of blood supply to the liver:.
a. hepatic artery

b. hepatic vein

c. portal vein

d. cystic artery

A

c. portal vein

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14
Q

14.After giving off the gastroduodenal artery, the common hepatic artery now becomes the:.
a. right and left hepatic artery
b. cystic artery
c. superior pancreaticoduodenal artery
d. hepatic artery proper

A

d. hepatic artery proper

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15
Q

15.The portal vein is formed by the union of the:.
a. inferior and superior mesenteric veins
b. superior mesenteric and splenic veins
c. splenic and inferior mesenteric veins
d. superior mesenteric and left gastric veins
e. inferior mesenteric and right gastric veins

A

b. superior mesenteric and splenic veins

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16
Q

16.The ‘triangle of Calot’ is a good surgical landmark in locating this structure:.
a. common bile duct
b. portal vein

c. gallbladder

d. cystic artery

e. portal triad

A

d. cystic artery

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17
Q
  1. The common bile duct and major pancreatic duct opens into the duodenum through the:
    a. hepatopancreatic ampulla
    b. sphincter of Oddi
    c. major duodenal papilla
    d. minor duodenal papilla
A

c. major duodenal papilla

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18
Q

18.This structure attaches the liver to the diaphragm along the lateral edges:.
a. falciform ligament
b. coronary ligament

c. triangular ligament

d. hepatogastric ligament
e. hepatoduodenal ligament

A

c. triangular ligament

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19
Q

19.Union of the common bile duct with the pancreatic duct forms the:.
a. choledochal sphincter
b. major duodenal papilla

c. accessory pancreatic duct

d. hepatopancreatic ampulla

e. minor duodenal papilla

A

d. hepatopancreatic ampulla

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20
Q

20.If you were to divide the liver “functionally”, each lobe would have its own blood supply, venous and biliary drainage. In this set-up the left side would include the following lobe/s:.

a. left lobe only

b. left and caudate lobes

c. left and quadrate lobes

d. left, caudate, quadrate lobes
e. caudate and quadrate lobes

A

d. left, caudate, quadrate lobes

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21
Q

21.Which statement about the stomach is CORRECT?.
a. Acid secretion occurs in response to secretion of the hormone, carbonic anhydrase
b. Glands called Peyer’s patches are responsible for acid secretion
c. The vagus nerve inhibits acid secretion after a meal has been consumed
d. Pepsinogen and gastric lipase are 2 enzymes secreted into the lumen of the stomach

A

d. Pepsinogen and gastric lipase are 2 enzymes secreted into the lumen of the stomach

22
Q

22.Which of the following functions is most important for survival immediately after a meal?.
a. Absorption and retention of water and electrolytes
b. Elimination of toxins

c. Maintenance of barrier function

d. Extraction of maximum value from nutrients

A

a. Absorption and retention of water and electrolytes

23
Q

23.Water transport can occur from the intestinal lumen to the blood stream or the reverse. Which statement about this is CORRECT?
a. A “flip-flop” mechanism efficiently transports water directly across the enterocyte membrane
b. Water flows into the gut from the mucosa, during digestion of starch and protein, in order to reduce luminal osmolality
c. Water is mostly absorbed by movement between the cells lining the guy via tight junctions
d. Dietary intake of water is always greater than water movement in the small intestine

A

b. Water flows into the gut from the mucosa, during digestion of starch and protein, in order to reduce luminal osmolality

24
Q

24.What does the celiac trunk supply?.

a. STOMACH

b. ILEUM

c. JEJUNUM

d. APPENDIX

A

a. STOMACH

25
Q

25.What level is referred pain of the hindgut derivatives felt?.
a. T4

b. T7

c. T10

d. L1

A

d. L1

26
Q

26.What does the angular incisure (notch) of the stomach indicate?.
a. The junction between the distal esophagus and stomach
b. The junction of the body and pyloric part of the stomach

c. The area closest to the esophageal hiatus
d. The area defined by the pyloric sphincter

A

b. The junction of the body and pyloric part of the stomach

27
Q

27.What is true regarding gastric canals?. a. they are ridges formed by rugae
b. The junction of the body and pyloric part of the stomach
c. Form temporarily during swallowing between gastric folds along the lesser curvature
d. The area where the esophageal veins are found

A

c. Form temporarily during swallowing between gastric folds along the lesser curvature

28
Q

28.What forms when the splenic vein unites with the superior mesenteric vein?.
a. portal vein
b. gastroepiploic vein

c. short gastric

d. left gastric

A

a. portal vein

29
Q

29.What is responsible for supporting the duodenal junction?.
a. mesoduodenum

b. ligament of Treitz

c. mesentery

d. retroperitoneal position

A

e. ligament of Treitz

30
Q

30.Fibrous median structure between two rectus abdominis muscles.
a. arcuate line
b. external oblique aponeurosis
c. linea alba
d. linea semilunaris

A

c. linea alba

31
Q

31.At what vertebral level is the trans-umbilical plane located?.
a. T7-T8

b. T9-T10

c. L1-L2

d. L3-L4

A

e. L3-L4

32
Q

32.Which of the following is FALSE regarding the blood supply of the pancreas?.
a. Pancreas receives blood supply from coeliac trunk and superior mesenteric artery b. Body and tail of pancreas is supplied by splenic artery
c. Posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery is a branch of the superior mesenteric artery
d. All major pancreatic arteries lie posterior to pancreatic ducts

A

c. Posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery is a branch of the superior mesenteric artery

33
Q

33.Which statement is TRUE about pancreatic embryonic malformations?.
a. Pancreas divisum can be a cause of gastrointestinal bleeding
b. Heterotopic pancreatic tissue predisposes to pancreatic adenocarcinoma
c. Annular pancreas may cause GIT obstruction
d. Relative obstruction to the flow of pancreatic juice through the minor papilla is not a cause of pancreatitis in patients with pancreas divisum

A

c. Annular pancreas may cause GIT obstruction

34
Q

34.Radiation of the pain to the mid or lower back region in pancreatic cancer may indicate spread to?
a. SPLANCHNIC NERVE PLEXUS

b. LIVER

c. COLON

d. ABDOMINAL CAVITY

A

a. SPLANCHNIC NERVE PLEXUS

35
Q

35.As the functional anatomy of the spleen is divided into red pulp, white pulp, and marginal zone, what function is incorporated into the anatomy of the cortical zone that relates to infection control?.
a. Filtration of red cells, encapsulated bacteria, and other foreign material
b. Red pulp for formation of red cells
c. White pulp for its role in formation of granulocytes
d. Gray areas, so formed because of the production of platelets

A

a. Filtration of red cells, encapsulated bacteria, and other foreign material

36
Q

36.Hemolytic anemia is indication for splenectomy in this disease.
a. Felty’s syndrome
b. Warm-antibody autoimmune hemolytic anemia
c. G6PD deficiency

d. Hereditary spherocytosis

A

d. Hereditary spherocytosis

37
Q

37.Haustra is characteristic of.

a. duodenum

b. ileum

c. jejunum

d. colon

A

d. colon

38
Q

38.Which is a midgut derivative?.

a. ascending colon

b. distal 1/3 of the transverse colon
c. urogenital sinus
d. sigmoid colon

A

a. ascending colon

39
Q

39.Which of the following is considered secondarily retroperitoneal?.
a. cecum

b. descending colon

c. appendix

d. sigmoid colon

A

e. descending colon

40
Q

40.Which statement regarding the suprarenal glands is correct?.
a. its entire arterial supply is directly from the abdominal aorta
b. veins from both glands drain directly into the inferior vena cava
c. the glands are located in the pararenal space
d. cells that secrete epinephrine and norepinephrine are innervated by preganglionic fibers from the greater splanchnic nerve

A

d. cells that secrete epinephrine and norepinephrine are innervated by preganglionic fibers from the greater splanchnic nerve

41
Q

41.he inferior pole of the left kidney is covered by what structure?.
a. ileum

b. jejunum

c. spleen

d. stomach

A

b. jejunum

42
Q

42.Which statement about the kidneys is true?.
A. The inferior suprarenal artery is supplied by the renal artery
B. The left suprarenal gland is pyramidal in shape
C. The left suprarenal vein drains directly into the IVC

A

A. The inferior suprarenal artery is supplied by the renal artery

43
Q

43.The superior half of the anterolateral surface of the left kidney is covered by.
a. The descending colon
b. The left colic flexure
c. The retroperitoneal pancreas
d. the spleen

A

d. the spleen

44
Q

44.Which is the correct renal artery pathway?.
a. Arcuate to interlobar to Efferent arterioles
b. Arcuate to Interlobular to segmental arterioles
c. Interlobar to Arcuate to Interlobular
d. Segmental to Interlobular to Arcuate

A

d. Segmental to Interlobular to Arcuate

45
Q

45.The superior suprarenal artery arises

from which artery?.

a. abdominal aorta

b. iliohypogastric artery

c. inferior phrenic artery

d. renal artery

A

c. inferior phrenic artery

46
Q

46.Psoas major is in contact with which aspect of the kidneys?
a. anterior

b. lateral

c. medial
d. posterior

A

d. posterior

47
Q

47.A renal papilla will drain urine into which structure?.
a. major calyx

b. minor calyx

c. pyramid

d. renal pelvis

A

b. minor calyx

48
Q

48.What is the most anterior structure at the

renal hilum?.

a. renal artery

b. renal pelvis

c. renal vein

d. renal pyramid

A

c. renal vein

49
Q

49.Which statement regarding the kidneys is true?.
a. In the supine position, the kidneys are found between T10 to L2 vertebral levels
b. The anterolateral surface of the left kidney is in contact with the left colic flexure superiorly
c. The inferior anteromedial surface of the right kidney is associated with the right colic flexure
d. The left kidney is more superior, longer, broader and closer to the midline than the right kidney

A

d. The left kidney is more superior, longer, broader and closer to the midline than the right kidney

50
Q

50.What is the most common position of the tip of the appendix?.
a. pelvic

b. retrocecal

c. paracecal

d. pre-ileal

A

e. retrocecal

Gross Ana - LE3 Abdomen (2 decks)

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