Lec 37

Question 1

Microevolution

Answer 1

change in allele frequencies over time, within populations or species

Question 2

Macroevolution

Answer 2

descent with modification, above the species level

Question 3

Microevolution leads to…

Answer 3

Macroevolution

Question 4

Fossils

Answer 4

trace of past life, mineralized organic material (teeth, bone), shapes (footprints/molds/casts), amber (sap), preserved (tar, bog, permafrost)

at least 10+ years old

Question 5

Isotope Dating (Fossil Evidence)

Answer 5

ratio of stable to unstable isotopes leads to the age since death

Question 6

Cambrian Explosion

Answer 6

major diversification of body plans. about 40 million year period (brief in geological time)

Question 7

What gives evidence for evolutionary history of lineages

Answer 7

fossils

Question 8

vestigial structures

Answer 8

not needed structures but retained through evolution. evidence of ancestral traits

Question 9

what informs evolutionary history of adaptive traits

Answer 9

fossil evidence

Question 10

Is evolution linear (true or false)

Answer 10

FALSE
evolution=branching divergence

Question 11

homologous traits

Answer 11

traits shared in different species because it was present in a common ancestor. related species share traits because they descended from a common ancestor

Question 12

Pachyderms

Answer 12

elephants, hippos, rhinos

Question 13

Molecular Homology

Answer 13

inherit the same mutations from your common ancestor (homologous traits in the genome)

Question 14

Convergent Evolution

Answer 14

common selective pressures lead to similar traits evolving independently (no common ancestor)