Lec 3 - Pituitary Gland Flashcards
some examples of environmental influences the hypothal responds to
- Light = day length, regulation of circ rhythms
- Olfactory stim = pheromones
- Steroids = gonadal and corticosteroids
- Neurall transmitted info = from heart, stomach etc
- Stress
- invading microorganisms = would increase body temp
how to access pituitary srgically
via nasal cavity
which bone and structure surrounds the pituitary
- sphenoid bone
- sella turcica
a tumour in opituitary would first affect wehre and why
optic nerve
cant push down cuz of sphenoid bone
so pushes up
during developmet, what structure grows upwards to form area where APG and PPG meet
Rathke’s pouch
Grows upwards from embryonic buccal cavity
what do parvocellular neurons synapse with
primary plexus in the median eminence
which lobe has more vascularity
anterior lobe
APG other name
pars distalis
PPG other name
pars nervosa
what tissue is pars distalis made of
glndular tissue (type of epitheliar tissue)
what tissue is pars nervosa made of
nervous tissue duh
where do both pars meet
pars intermedia
reminant of posterior wall of Rathke’s pouch
Anterior Pit Gland hormones: FLAT PiG
(Tropic hormones)
- FSH
- LH
- Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
- TSH
(non-tropic hormones)
- Prolactin (PRL)
- Growth Hormone (GH)
which APG hormone is in corticotropin-lipotropin group
ACTH
what common precurser are corpicotropin-lipotropin hormones derived from
pro-opiomelanocortin
(POMC)
APG hormones: Glycoproteins
LH
FSH
TSH
(all have identical alpha subunit, B subunit specifies it)
APG hormones: somatomammotropins
GH
PRL
(also derived from common precursor)
how to differentiate cells in APG via staining histology (catergories)
- acidophils
- basophils
- chromophobes
acidophils: colour stain, and hormones released
- orange stain
- secrete GH and PRL
basophils: colour stain and hormones released
- dark purple
- ACTH, TSH, FSH and LH
chromotrophs: colour stain and hormones released
- pale staining
- may have secretory activty, BUT thoght to have already secreted their contents and are building up their hormone stores
what specific cell types show acidophil histology
somatotropes
lactotropes
what hormone do somatotrope cells release
GH
what hromone do lactotropes release
PRL
what specific cell types show basophil histology
- thyrotropes
- cortictropes
- gonadotropes
what hromone do thyrotropes release
TSH
what hromone do corticotopes release
ACTH
what hromone do gonadotropes release
FSH
LH
what technique used to differentiate dpecifically the basophils and acidophils
monoclonal antibodies
most abundant hormone producing cells in APG
somatotropes
40-50%
least common hormone producing cell in APG
thyrotropes
but can be hypertropic in thyroid failure
what are the modified glial cells of the posterior pituitary called
pituicytes
