Lec 3 COPD I

Question 1

Late onset of asthma treatment:

Answer 1

corticosteroid treatment

Question 2

Sympathomimetic agents MOA:

Answer 2

B2 adrenoreceptor agonists

Stimulate adenolyl cyclase and increase formation of IC cAMP

Inhibit release of bronchoconstricting mediators

Question 3

why are B2 adrenoreceptor agonists given as inhalation?

Answer 3

it has the greatest local effect and the least toxicity.

Question 4

Albuterol and tertbutaline oral drugs side effects:

B2 agonists

Answer 4

skeletal muscle tremor
nervousness
occasional weakness

Question 5

Most effecttive bronchodialators for severe acute asthma:

Answer 5

albuterol
terbutaline
metaproternol
pirbuterol

SABA, B2-selective agonists

Question 6

All B-agonists share which side effects:

Answer 6

tachycardia

hypokalemia due to:
-activation of Na+K pump
-B2-adrenergic mediated increase in insulin and glucose can cause a shift in potassium too

shakiness (tremors)

Question 7

Indacterol,olodaterol,vilanterol LABA’s therapy:

Answer 7

administered only once a day, and used ONLY in combo with ICS

Question 7

Decreased responsiveness to B2 agonists can be due to:

receptors, diseases, drugs

Answer 7

-downregualtion of receptors
-Disease progression
-drug tolerance
-receptor polymorphism

Question 8

salmeterol and formeterol LABA’s therapy:

Answer 8

administered with inhaled corticosteroids

Question 9

which drug is a full agonist and onset action similar to albuterol?

Answer 9

Formeterol

Question 10

Which drug is a partial agonist with onset of action 30 mins?

Answer 10

salmeterol

Question 11

Theophyline MOA:

methylxanthines

Answer 11

-non selective bronchodialtor
-inhibits adenosine and phosphodiesterase
-stimulate catecholamine release

Question 12

Theophylline theraputic index and toxic side effects:

Answer 12

Narrow index

Side effects;
-nausea
-tachycardia
-jitteriness (nervousness)
-tachyarrythmias
-seizures

Question 13

which drug has limited use due to inferior efficacy?

Answer 13

theophylline

Question 14

release of acetylcholine and its effects:

Answer 14

-released from efferent endings from vagus nerve

muscarinic antagonists block 2 things:
-the contraction of airway smooth muscle
-the increased mucus secretion as a result of vagus nerve stimulation

Question 15

MOA of antimuscarinic agents:

Answer 15

-COMPETITVELY inhibit effect of acetylcholine at muscarinic receptors.

Question 16

ipratropioum bromide vs B2

Answer 16

the B2 agonist is the corner stone of asthma managment

but in severe acute cases you can see use of Ipratropium bromide

albuterol and ipratropium bromide are used as nebulizers

Question 17

Longer acting muscarinic agents that maintain COPD are:

Answer 17

tiotropium,aclidinuium,umeclidinium, glycopyrrolate

inhalation