lec 21 energy and life

Question 1

metabolism

Answer 1

chemical reactions taking place within a cell/ organism

Question 2

1st law of thermodynamics

Answer 2

-amount of energy in the universe is constant
-e can be transferred or transformed, not created or destroyed

Question 3

2nd law of thermodynamics

Answer 3

amount of entropy in the universe is increasing
when energy is transfered or transformed some useful energy is lost as heat

Question 4

example of 2nd law of thermodynamics

Answer 4

seed(small) + CO2(simple) - heat –> tree(large and complex)
heat is lost but universe more complex

Question 5

what does growth of an organism do to entropy

Answer 5

increases entropy in the universe

Question 6

free energy (G)

Answer 6

amount of energy available to do work

Question 7

What are exergonic reactions

Answer 7

-reactions where delta G reactants> delta G products
-solid to gas–> release of energy
-negative delta G

Question 8

what stops exergonic reactions from occuring?

Answer 8

activation energy Ea because need to break bonds

Question 9

what decreases Ea

Answer 9

enzymes

Question 10

Endergonic reactions

Answer 10

delta G reactants> delta G prodction
positive delta G

Question 11

what stops endogonic reactions

Answer 11

–>consume energy form bond
need enzyme and ATP

Question 12

what reaction is positive free energy and what is negative free energy

Answer 12

positive= Endogonic reaction
Negative= exogonic reaction

Question 13

bonds b/w C, O, H that have high potential energies

Answer 13

C-H
C-C
O=O

Question 14

which bonds have the highest potential enrgy

Answer 14

ones where electrons are shared equally