22

Question 1

what is sucrase

Answer 1

an enzyme

Question 2

how many reactions does a typical enzyme do per second?

Answer 2

1000/ second

Question 3

what does sucrase do?

Answer 3

it catalyzes the reaction
sucrose–> glucose+ fructose

Question 4

where is sucrase located

Answer 4

in the intestinal epithelial cells

Question 5

what is sucrase

Answer 5

an integral membrane protein

Question 6

what limits exergonic(-dG) reactions?

Answer 6

breaking of bonds requires and initial input of energy(Ea)

Question 7

how do enzymes help exergonic reactions

Answer 7

they decrease Ea

Question 8

what allows endergonic (+dG) reactions

Answer 8

ATP- because they need energy to perform reaction

Question 9

are enzymes able to do exergonic reactions by themselves?

Answer 9

yes, they can do them by themselves.

Question 10

Are enzymes able to do endogonic reactions by themselves?

Answer 10

no, not by themselves.

Question 11

how do enzymes do endogonic reactions?

Answer 11

they couple the endergonic reaction with ATP hydrolysis

Question 12

What are two functions of ATP

Answer 12

• monomer used to make RNA
  -A source of power

Question 13

What is the reaction of ATP hydrolysis

Answer 13

ATP+H2O–> ADP+(inorg P) + Energy

Question 14

What is a endergonic reaction coupled with an exergonic reaction?

Answer 14

an exergonic process

Question 15

what does Alcohol dehydrogenase do(ADH)?

Answer 15

is helps break down ethanol

Question 16

explain how alcohol dehydrogenase works

Answer 16

ethanol, a mild toxin is broken by ADH into a severe toxin, acetaldehyde. ALDH breaks the severe toxin into acetate.

Question 17

Where is ADH found?

Answer 17

in human liver cells(and other cells)

Question 18

what is ADH structure

Answer 18

homodimer

Question 19

Where is ADH in the cell

Answer 19

in cytosol

Question 20

Allergy

Answer 20

when a humans immune system overreacts to a harmless molecule

Question 21

food intolerance

Answer 21

when a person doesnt make the enzyme needed to digest a molecule
ie. lactose intolerance and red faced

Question 22

what causes red face

Answer 22

problesm with ALDH

Question 23

Electron shuttles

Answer 23

work with some enzymes as cofactors ie NADH with ADH

Question 24

what is a low energy electron shuttle
and examples

Answer 24

one that isnt carrying electrons ie
NAD+, FAD, NADP+

Question 25

what is high energy electron shuttles
and examples

Answer 25

one that is carrying electrons in form of protons
NADH, FADH2, NADPH

Question 26

Does ADH have cofactors

Answer 26

yes (lecture 3)?????W

Question 27

what vitamine makes electron shuttles?

Answer 27

Vitamine B complex

Question 28

what enzyme synthesizes peptidoglycan in bacteria

Answer 28

transpeptidase

Question 29

what inhibits transpeptidase

Answer 29

penicillin

Question 30

what stops the inhibition of penicillin

Answer 30

beta lactomase destroys penicillin

Question 31

what encodes beto lactomase

Answer 31

R6K plasmid

Question 32

antibiotics vs antiseptics

Answer 32

antiseptics kill bacteria outside us while antibiotics kill bacteria inside us

Question 33

what dont enzymes affect

Answer 33

free energy change

Question 34

what are enzymes regulated by

Answer 34

competetive and noncompetetive inhibitors

Question 35

what are enzymes sensitive to?

Answer 35

extreme temperatures and pH

Question 36

bonds b/w C, O, H that have high potential energies