Lec 2: Introduction to taxonomy of microorganisms

Question 1

Bacteria cell wall

Answer 1

Contains muramic acid

Question 2

Bacteria membrane lipids

Answer 2

Ester-linked straight hydrocarbon chains

Question 3

Bacteria membrane-bound nucleus

Answer 3

Absent

Question 4

Bacteria chromosome

Answer 4

Single circular

Question 5

Archae cell wall

Answer 5

Lacks muramic acid

Question 6

Archaea membrane lipids

Answer 6

Ether-linked branched aliphatic hydrocarbon chains

Question 7

Archaea chromosomes

Answer 7

Single circular

Question 8

Eukaryotes cell wall

Answer 8

Lacks muramic acid & peptidoglycan

Question 9

Eukaryotes membrane lipids

Answer 9

Ester-linked straight hydrocarbon chains

Question 10

Eukaryotes membrane bound nucleus

Answer 10

Present

Question 11

Eukaryotes chromosome

Answer 11

Linear

Question 12

Size of prokaryotes

Answer 12

Usually smaller

Question 13

Prokaryotic cell wall

Answer 13

Contains peptidoglycan

Question 14

Prokaryotic cell genetic material

Answer 14

Circular DNA molecule

No discrete nucleus

Question 15

Prokaryotic mitosis & meiosis

Answer 15

Absent

Question 16

Prokaryotic cell ribosomes

Answer 16

Smaller than eukaryotes, 70S

Free in cytoplasm

Question 17

Prokaryotic cell: membrane-enclosed organelles

Answer 17

Absent

Question 18

Prokaryotic cell plasma membrane

Answer 18

Sterols present

Question 19

Prokaryotic cell site of respiration

Answer 19

Plasma membrane

Question 20

Prokaryotic cell site of photosynthesis

Answer 20

Internal membranes

Question 21

Prokaryotic cell locomotion

Answer 21

Flagella that rotate. Some glide

Question 22

Eukaryotic cell size

Answer 22

Usually larger

Question 23

Eukaryotic cell genetic material

Answer 23

Arranged in chromosomes

Nucleus present

Question 24

Eukaryotic cell mitosis & meiosis

Answer 24

Present

Question 25

Eukaryotic cell ribosomes

Answer 25

Larger, 80S

On endoplasmic reticulum

Question 26

Eukaryotic cell membrane enclosed organelles

Answer 26

Present

Mitochondria, chloroplasts, Golgi complexes, lysosomes & endoplasmic reticulum

Question 27

Eukaryotic cell plasma membranes

Answer 27

Sterols present

Question 28

Eukaryotic cell site of respiration

Answer 28

Mitochondria

Question 29

Eukaryotic cell site of photosynthesis

Answer 29

Chloroplasts

Question 30

Eukaryotic cell locomotion

Answer 30

Flagella and cilia that undulate

Amoeboid movements

Question 31

Bacteria cellular organelles

Answer 31

Absent

Question 32

Bacteria ribosomes

Answer 32

70S

Question 33

Bacteria: AA carried by initiator tRNA

Answer 33

Formylmethanionine

Question 34

Archaea ribosomes

Answer 34

70S

Question 35

Archaea: AA carried by initiator tRNA

Answer 35

Methionine

Question 36

Archaea cellular organelle

Answer 36

Absent

Question 37

Eukaryotes: AA carried by initiator tRNA

Answer 37

Methionine

Question 38

Fungi

Answer 38

Distribution: terrestrial, pathogenic, symbiotic

Nutrition: heterotrophic saphrophyte

Structure: vegetative thallus, chitin cell wall

Question 39

Slime molds

Answer 39

Distribution: terrestrial/aquatic environments

Nutrition: heterotrophic saphrophyte

Structure: acellular/cellular- spores with cellulose cell walls. Water molds- hyphae with cellulose cell walls

Question 40

Virus

Answer 40

Distribution: obligate intracellular parasite of living cells

Structure: nucleocapsid core (DNA or RNA surrounded by protein capsid)

Question 41

Protozoa

Answer 41

Distribution: aquatic/terrestrial, animal pathogens

Nutrition: chemoheterotrophic

Structure: motile (pseudopodia), unicellular. Variable