Lec 16 Bone Organ

Question 1

Periosteum tissue types

Answer 1

Dense irregular collagenous connective tissue

Question 2

Properties of Periosteum

Answer 2

Has blood vessels & nerves

Question 3

Periosteum is connected to the bone by which fiber?

Answer 3

Collagen fiber&raquo_space; Sharpey’s fiber

Question 4

Shaft name of long bone?

End name of long bone?

Answer 4

-Diaphysis
-Epiphysis

Question 5

Name the covering of Epiphysis?

Answer 5

Hyaline cartilage&raquo_space; Articular cartilage

Question 6

The marrow cavity contains_____which stores____?

Answer 6

-Yellow bone marrow
- Triglyceride (fat)

Question 7

Whats the function of red bone marrow?

Answer 7

Blood cell formation - (Hematopoiesis)

Question 8

T/F
Infants and young childrens have mostly red bone marrow?

Answer 8

TRUE

Question 9

1. The outter bone is composed of_____ and covered with____?
2. The inner bone is composed of____ and covered with____?

Answer 9

1. Compact bone, Periosteum
2. Spongy bone, Endosteum

Question 10

Function of ‘Epiphyseal plate’

Answer 10

Cartilage which allows long bone growth.

Question 11

Whats the remaining of epiphyseal plate called?

Answer 11

Epiphyseal line

Question 12

structure of short bone

Answer 12

Sandwich:
-Top/bottom layers= compact bone
-Middle=spongy bone

No: Diaphyses, Epiphyses, Marrow cavity, Epiphyseal line/plate

Question 13

65% of the bone ECM weight consist of_______?

Answer 13

Inorganic matrix (mineral)

Question 14

35% of the bone weight consist of____?

Answer 14

organic matrix (collagen fibers)

Question 15

1. What happens if the organic matrix (collagen) is removed?
2. What happens if the inorgnic matrix (minerals) is removed?

Answer 15

1. Brittle/easily break
2. Flexible/Bendible (cant resist compression)

Question 16

Whats the inorganic matrix composed of?

Answer 16

calcium & Phosphorus salt

Question 17

T/F
The bone stores 85% of calcium ions and phosphorus in the body?

Answer 17

TRUEEEEEEE

Question 18

Name the large ‘molecule’ of “Inorganic matrix”?

Answer 18

Hydroxyapatite crystals

(calcium + Phosphorous salts)
(Gives bone strength to resist compression)

Question 19

Name the ‘molecules’ of “Organic matrix”?

Answer 19

Osteoids

(Collagen fiber)
(protein fiber, gylcoproteins, proteogycans, etc.,)

Question 20

T/F?
collagen fiber helps bones to resist ‘torsion’ & ‘tensile’?
(twist & sretch)

Answer 20

TRUE

Question 21

Nam the 3 main bone cells responsible for bone maintenance?

Answer 21

1. Osteoblast
2. osteoclast
3. Osteocytes

Question 22

Function of OsteoBlast?
(B = Build)

Answer 22

Build bone EMC (Deposition)

Question 23

Facts about Osteoblast

Answer 23

Made by - Osteogenic cells

Located - Inner periosteum & Endosteum

          - They mature into osteocytes

Question 24

T/F
Osteoblast becomes trapped by bone matrix in lacuna and mature into osteocytes?

Answer 24

TRUE

Question 25

Function of Osteocytes?

Answer 25

Maintain bone ECM&raquo_space; Build up areas under tension

Question 26

Function of Osteoclasts?

Answer 26

Bone Break down (Resorption)

Note: Using Hydrogen ions & Enzymes

Question 27

Facts about Osteoclast

Answer 27

Located: Internal & external surfaces of bone

-Uses hydrogen and enzymes
-Takes in products used by the body [eg., calcium]

Question 28

Which cell is uninucleated and which is multinucleated?

Answer 28

Single = Osteoblast
Multi = Osteoclast

Question 29

Define:
1. Deposition
2. Resorption

Answer 29

1. Build up
2. Break down

Question 30

Name the two bone tissue types?

Answer 30

1. Compact bone
2. Spongy bone

(structure of osteon is compact bone)