Lec 13

Question 1

What capillary systems do renal arteries eventually give rise to?

Answer 1

glomeruli

Question 2

T/F: Renal veins dump into the hepatic portal system.

Answer 2

False. Dump into the IVC because are body wall structures, NOT digestive

Question 3

The sympathetic innervation of the kidney is scattered due to the ____ of the kidneys and include segments _____ and _____ (greater and lesser sphlanchic nerves) which enter the ___ plexus.

Answer 3

The sympathetic innervation of the kidney is scattered due to the ascent of the kidneys and include segments T5-T9 & T10-T11 which enter the renal plexus.

Question 4

The paired vasculature of the bladder are branches off of which major vessels?

Answer 4

Internal Iliac A & V.

Question 5

What is the route for sympathetic innervation of the bladder?

Answer 5

T12 via least splanchnic nerve

Question 6

The pelvic nerve parasympathetically innervates the ____ sphincter, the conscious aspect controls the _____ sphincter

Answer 6

The pelvic nerve parasympathetically innervates the internal sphincter, the conscious aspect controls the external sphincter

Question 7

The kidneys regulate water retention, which is necessary since water is pushed ____ of the body and into the nephron

Answer 7

The kidneys regulate water retention, which is necessary since water is pushed outside of the body and into the nephron

Question 8

What 3 vessels/tubes that surround the Juxtaglomerular cells?

Answer 8

Afferent and Efferent arterioles, and DCT (“The kiss”)

Question 9

T/F: I have decreased blood pressure therefore I have a lot of water in my blood.

Answer 9

False, increased H20 volume in blood=increased blood pressure

Question 10

What hormone increases the permeability of the DCT and collecting duct; therefore concentrating urine?

Answer 10

ADH. We need H20 reabsorption to have concentrated urine

Question 11

What system does the endocrine system secrete chemicals into?

Answer 11

Cardiovascular system

Question 12

Endocrine glands/cells release ______ to circulate the body until they react with a unique receptor of ____ cells/tissues

Answer 12

Endocrine glands/cells release hormones to circulate the body until they react with a unique receptor of target cells/tissues

Question 13

What are the 4 main functions of Aldosterone?

Answer 13

1. stimulate ADH secretion, 2. stimulate thirst, 3. Constrict arterioles (reduces volume of container for blood, increases blood pressure) 4. Na* retention @ the level of the ascending loop of henle, makes concentration gradient stronger so able to draw more water from collecting dyct

Question 14

T/F: The retention of sodium and secretion of ADH allows for an increase in Water reabsorption.

Answer 14

true

Question 15

Go through all 7 steps of renin-angiotensin feedback loop (The process of thirst)

Answer 15

1. decrease in extracellular fluid (lower blood pressure)
2. Juxtaglomerular cells release RENIN
3. Renin activates angiotensinogen (nonactive liver enzyme) into angiotensin I
4. Angiotensin I is converted into Angiotensin II via angiotensin converting enzyme (produced in the lung capillaries)
5. Angiotensin II causes adrenal gland to secrete aldosterone
6. Aldosterone stimulates ADH secretion. ADH then causes thirst, vasoconstriction, and Na+ retention (which makes concentration gradient stronger so able to draw more water from collecting duct/DCT)
7. Increase in ECF (higher blood pressure)