Lec 1 Flashcards
What is the symptoms of animea
Fatigue , dizziness , headache ,loss of energy, decreased mental activity, dyspnea ,pale yellowish skin , fast or irregular heartbeat, chest , cold hands & feet
What is the causes of anemia ?
Chronic blood loss , bone marrow abnormalities, increased hemolysis , infection , malignancy , endocrine deficiency, malabsorption syndrome , RF , drugs , deficiency of B12 or Folic acid
In any case does chloramphenicol & sulfonamide cause anemia ?
If patient have deficiency in G6PD enzyme
Erythropoietin hormone secreted from ?
Kidney
What is nutritional anemia ?
Anemia caused by deficiency in folic acid and vitamin B12
What is the protein that stored iron ?
Ferritin
What is Iron that is absorption by intestine ?
Ferrous (FE+2)
How ferric iron convert to ferrous after absorption ?
Bu vitaamine c or acidity
What is the amount of iron that we absorption in day ?
5-15 mligram
What is the protein that transported iron ?
Transferrin
What is the iron the transported in blood by transferrin ?
Ferrous )FE+2)
What is methemoglobin?
Hemoglobin with ferric iron
What is the type of anemia result from iron deficiency?
Hypochromic microcytic anemia
In iron deficiency what is the change in ferritin and transferrin protein ?
Increased in transferrin and decreased in ferritin
What is the anemia that may cause due to Renal Failure?
Erythropoietin & iron deficiency anemia
What is the cause of iron deficiency?
Pregnancy,premature babies , children during rapid growth, malabsorption, renal failure , gastrectomy , blood loos
How I can treat iron deficiency?
Oral iron if hemoglobin above 8 or parenteral iron if hemoglobin under 8
What is the classical form of parenternal iron ? And how can give it
Iron dextran and given IM or IV
Why we give iron sensitivity test ?
Because given iron may cause hypersensitivity reaction
What is the adverse effect of oral iron ?
Heart burn , nausea , epigastric discomfort, diarrhea, constipation
Staining of teeth & black stools
What is the adverse effect of IV iron ?
Headache , malaise , lymphadenopathy, arthralgia , urticaria, anaphylactic reaction
What is the adverse effect of IM iron ?
Pain injection & tissue staining
What is WHCs that increase in iron supplement and why ?
Eosinophils because it cause anaphylactic reactions
Methotrexate & trimethoprim inhibit any enzyme of folic acid absorption?
Dihydrogolic reductase, which lead to decreased THF and MTHF
