Lec 07: HIV-AIDS

Question 1

The HIV virus core contains the following EXCEPT

A. major capsid protein p24
B. nucleocapsid protein p7/p9
C. two copies of genomic RNA
D. glycoproteins gp120 and gp41
E. NOTA

Answer 1

D.

gp120 and gp41 are viral envelope glycoproteins critical for HIV infection.

Question 2

What is the other name of reverse transcriptase?

Answer 2

RNA-dependent DNA polymerase

Question 3

What are the three viral enzymes present in HIV?

Answer 3

reverse transcriptase
integrase
protease

Question 4

What are the three prominent genes in the HIV genome?

Answer 4

gag
pol
env

Question 5

This accessory gene causes a 1000-fold increase in the transcription of viral genes and is critical for virus replication.

A. tat

b. rev
c. vif
d. vpr

Answer 5

A. tat

Question 6

What are the two major targets of HIV infection?

Answer 6

immune system

central nervous system

Question 7

Glycoprotein gp120 interacts with what two chemokine receptors?

Answer 7

CCR5

CXCR4

Question 8

Cells with CD4 receptors susceptible to HIV infection include the following EXCEPT

A. tissue macrophage
B. T lymphocyte
C. NK cells
D. dendritic cells
E. NOTA

Answer 8

E. NOTA

Question 9

T/F

Fusion of HIV with the host cell occurs after the gp120 subunit undergo conformational changes.

Answer 9

F

The gp41 subunit also needs to undergo conformational change.

Question 10

The following are true of HIV interaction EXCEPT

A. T-tropic strains selectively interact with CXCR4.
B. M-tropic strains interact with CCR5.
C. CCR8 is cofactor that permits infection by either T-tropic or M-tropic strains.
D. Infection with CMV may enhance HIV infection.
E. NOTA

Answer 10

E. NOTA

Question 11

What do you call the double-stranded DNA viral copy produced after the single-stranded RNA is reverse transcribed?

Answer 11

provirus

Question 12

This type of HIV is the dominant virus found in acute infection and early in the course of infection.

A. M-tropic
B. T-tropic
C. dual-tropic
D. Group O
E. NOTA

Answer 12

A.

T-tropic infection accumulate later. They are more virulent however.

Question 13

This is currently the confirmatory test for HIV infection following 2 positive screening tests.

Answer 13

western blot

Question 14

This is the most common screening test with specificity and sensitivity very close to 100%.

Answer 14

enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)

Question 15

The mechanisms of CD4 T cell loss in HIV infection include the following EXCEPT

A. direct viral killing of infected cells
B. increased susceptibility to the induction of apoptosis
C. killing by CD8 cytotoxic lymphocytes
D. induction of inflammation by complement
E. NOTA

Answer 15

D.

Question 16

This is the most important risk factor that promote heterosexual transmission of HIV

Answer 16

multiple sexual partners

Question 17

What is the most common symptoms associated with the acute phase of HIV infection?

Answer 17

fever

Question 18

The error rate in reverse transcription of HIV virus is approximately

A. 1 in 1000 nucleotides
B. 1 in 2000 nucleotides
C. 1 in 3000 nucleotides
D. 1 in 4000 nucleotides
E. 1 in 100 nudeleotides

Answer 18

B. 1 in 2000

This leads to a high mutation rate.

Question 19

Tissue wasting in HIV-AIDS is prominent in what tissue group?

Answer 19

temporal muscle and cheek tissue

Question 20

Oral thrush, oral leukoplakia, and TB starts to appear when CD4 count dips below

A. 100
B. 800
C. 500
D. 200
C. 100

Answer 20

C. 500

Question 21

The following occur whtn the CD4 count dips below 100 EXCEPT.

A. histoplasmosis
B. Mycobacterium avium complex
C. toxoplasmosis
D. shingles
E. NOTA

Answer 21

D.

Shingles occur as early as less than 500 CD4 count.

Question 22

True of non-Hodgkin lymphomas associated with HIV infection.

A. seen in the central nervous system with AIDS
B. clonal expansions of EBV-infected lymphocytes
C. low-grade (immunoblastic) and aggressive
D. may infiltrate the cerebrum
E. NOTA

Answer 22

C.

It is high-grade and aggressive.

Question 23

This condition affects oligodendrocytes, and cell lysis results in lesions that demonstrate demyelination.

Answer 23

progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML)

Question 24

This infection tends to produce foci with prominent calcification.

Answer 24

Pneumocystis carinii

Question 25

Kaposi sarcoma is caused by what herpes virus?

Answer 25

human herpesvirus 8