Lec 03: Normal Immune Response

Question 1

True of adaptive immunity EXCEPT

A. stimulated by exposure to infectious agents
B. poised to respond rapidly to infections
C. increases in magnitude with successive exposure
D. responds to non-microbial antigen
E. NOTA

Answer 1

B.

Adaptive immunity responds slower and takes 1-5 days after infection.

Question 2

The following are components of innate immunity EXCEPT

A. physical barriers
B. neutrophils, macrophages, and natural killer cells
C. complement system
D. cytokines
E. NOTA

Answer 2

E. NOTA

Question 3

T/F

The diversity of innate immunity is limited and produced by somatic recombination of gene segment.

Answer 3

F

Innate immunity is limited and germ-line encoded.

Adaptive immunity is very diverse and exhibits somatic recombination.

Question 4

T/F

Both innate and adaptive immunity exhibit non-reactivity to self.

Answer 4

T

Question 5

Identify

Administration of vaccine against this disease led to a 100% decline in cases as of the year 2000.

Answer 5

Polio

Question 6

What cell type in adaptive immunity kills infected cells and eliminate reservoirs of infection?

A. B lymphocytes
B. natural killer cells
C. T cytotoxic lymphocytes
D. macrophages
E. AOTA

Answer 6

C. T cytotoxic lymphocytes

NK cells and macrophages are part of innate immunity.
B lymphocytes are non-cytotoxic.

Question 7

T/F

Transfer of effector T lymphocytes confer immunologic memory.

Answer 7

F

Effector T cells are non necessarily memory cells.

Question 8

This feature of adaptive immunity allows the immune system to respond to newly encountered antigens.

A. memory
B. specialization
C. self-limitation
D. specificity

Answer 8

C. self-limitation

Question 9

The following are functions of activated helper T cells EXCEPT

A. activation of macrophages
B. activation of complement
C. activation of T lymphocytes
D. activation of B lymphocytes
E. NOTA

Answer 9

B.

Activation of complement is a function of antibodies.

Question 10

Enumerate the five phases in the adaptive immune response.

Answer 10

recognition phase
activation phase
effector phase
decline
memory

Question 11

The leukocyte with the lowest average blood cells count is

A. neutrophil
B. eosinophil
C. basophil
D. lymphocyte
E. monocyte

Answer 11

C. basophil

Question 12

True of the immune response EXCEPT

A. Antigens are transported via post-capillary venules to the regional lymph nodes.
B. Circulating naive lymphocytes migrate into the lymph nodes.
C. Both naive T and B lymphocytes are activated in the lymph nodes.
D. Memory cells enter the circulation.
E. NOTA

Answer 12

A.

If picked up by venules, antigens are processed in the spleen.
If picked up by lymphatics, antigens are processed in the lymph nodes.

Question 13

What is the phenotypic marker of cytotoxic T cells?

A. CD3+ CD4+ CD8-
B. CD3+ CD4- CD8+
C. CD3+ CD4+ CD25+
D. CD19+ CD20+
E. CD56+

Answer 13

B. CD3+ CD4- CD8+

CD3+ = all T lymphocytes
CD4+ = helper T cells
CD8+ = cytotoxic T cells
CD25+ = regulatory T cells
CD19+ CD20+ = all B lymphocytes
CD56+ = NK cells

Question 14

T/F

Rejection of allografts is a function of cytotoxic T cells.

Answer 14

T

Question 15

Natural killer cells produce what chemical mediator in response to IL-12 released by macrophages?

Answer 15

IFN-y

IFN-y activates the macrophage to kill the microbe.

Question 16

Homeostasis and decline of adaptive immune response is achieved through what process?

Answer 16

apoptosis of lymphocyte clones

Question 17

True of naive T lymphocytes EXCEPT

A. high levels of surface peripheral lymph node homing receptors
B. high levels of chemokine receptor CCR7
C. high levels of adhesion molecules
D. small and has scant cytoplasm
E. NOTA

Answer 17

C.

Naive lymphocytes should have LOW levels of adhesion molecules since they need to home in to peripheral lymph nodes. Effector T cells are the one with high levels of adhesion molecules since they need to adhere to tissues and surfaces.

Question 18

Liver macrophages are called

Answer 18

Kupffer cells

Question 19

How many macrophages are circulating per microliter of blood?

Answer 19

None

Macrophages are called monocytes when they are still in the blood vessels.

Question 20

NK cells come from what hematopoietic progenitor?

A. myeloid
B. lymphoid
C. erythroid
D. A and B
E. NOTA

Answer 20

B.

B cells, T cells, and NK cells come from a lymphoid progenitor.

Question 21

T/F

HIV can be transmitted even without abrasion, damage, or contact with vessels.

Answer 21

T

HIV may attack intraepidermal lymphocytes.

Question 22

Which of the following antigen-binding molecules allows binding of conformational determinants?

A. immunoglobulins
B. T cell receptors
C. MHC molecules
D. A and B only
E. AOTA

Answer 22

A.

Only immunoglobulins can bind conformational determinants of antigens. Others bind only linear determinants or linear residues of peptides.

Question 23

True of immunoglobulin A EXCEPT

A. monomer in serum
B. dimer in mucosal secretions
C. found in naive B lymphocytes
D. A and B only
E. AOTA

Answer 23

D.

IgD is the one found in naive B lymphocytes.

Question 24

This is the largest and most efficient antibody type.

Answer 24

IgM

Question 25

This is the most common antibody type.

Answer 25

IgG