Learning to Read Flashcards
Describe Ehri’s pre-alphabetic phase.
The pre-alphabetic phase, where children use memory of visual/contextual clues to read.
What is the Ehri’s partial alphabetic phase?
Children use sound values of some letters to form connections between spelling and pronunciations.
What is Ehri’s full alphabetic phase?
Children form connections between graphemes in spelling and phonemes in pronunciation. It requires phonemic segmentation.
What is Ehri’s consolidated alphabetic phase?
Children can read words that share letter patterns symbolising the same phoneme blend. Knowing consolidated units means readers can read as a whole rather than sequentially. This skill reduces memory load.
Synthetic phonics involves…
learning to pronounce phonemes associated with letters in isolation and then synthesising these phonemes to form words.
Analytic phonics involves
recognition of the beginning and ending sounds of words.
Discuss some predictors of reading ability.
Concepts of print; phonemic awareness, or being able to identify sounds and break them down; rhyme awareness; and letter knowledge.
What is a ‘whole word’ approach to learning words?
It emphasises the benefits of learning whole words from context. It teaches children to read by sight and relies upon memorization via repeat exposure to the written form of a word paired with an image and an audio.
What is a phonics approach to learning words?
Suggests that only poor readers rely on context as they are les fluent in word identification, and that training in phonemic awareness leads to improved reading. Words are decoded from sound.
Discuss reading as a context-driven process.
Skilled readers use semantic and syntactic constraints to generate predictions, as well as implicit knowledge of orthographic redundancy. A major objective is to teach children to conceive of reading as a psycholinguistic gusessing game.
Why might reading not need context?
Code-oriented theorists believe reading is a highly automatized modular process for which context is only necessary for comprehension. Here, activities that engender automaticity in word identification should be central to learning.
Language comprehension becomes fully operative in reading only when…
a certain degree of fluency in word identification is achieved.
Children should be taught structural analysis because…
learning to read depends on the ability to tranform language units according to the characteritics of a prescribed writing system, and this requires explicit instruction.
Children should not be taught structural analysis because…
the alphabetic principle will naturally be induced with reading experience.
