Learning Theories

Question 1

define cognitive development

Answer 1

changes in how we perceive, think and reason as we grow and mature

Question 2

define cognitive learning

Answer 2

what goes on inside the learner’s mind

Question 3

define a hierarchy of needs

Answer 3

basic needs that are met in order to reach self-actualization and want to learn

Question 4

define feedback (intrinsic vs extrinsic)

Answer 4

intrinsic: sensory and perceptual information after a movement is produced

extrinsic: feedback provided to the learner from an outside source

Question 5

define learning

Answer 5

changes in thinking, emotional functioning, skill and behaviour from an experience

Question 6

define a learning theory

Answer 6

logical framework that describes, explains or predicts how people learn

Question 7

define motor leanring

Answer 7

the process associated with practice and experience creating a relatively permanent change

Question 8

define operant conditioning

Answer 8

reinforcement, either positive or negative after a response

Question 9

define practice

Answer 9

repeating a performance to become proficient in a skill

Question 10

define respondent conditioning

Answer 10

an associated formed with a stimulus in the environment

Question 11

define role modelling

Answer 11

an aspect of social learning when the desired behaviour is demonstrated

Question 12

define social cognition

Answer 12

effects of social factors on perception, thought and motivation

Question 13

define social learning

Answer 13

learning occurring through observation

Question 14

define / list the stages of motor learning

Answer 14

phases of learning skills
- cognitive: develop an understanding of the skill
- associative: perform a skill with less errors
- autonomous: skill performed with increased speed and efficiency

Question 15

what is the social learning theory?

Answer 15

learning in social context through observation of a role model with the emphasis on social interactions and connections

Question 16

what is the role of the teacher in the social learning theory?

Answer 16

• use good role models for demonstration
• share success stories
• provide feedback
• encourage group work

Question 17

what is the role of the student in the social learning theory?

Answer 17

• learn from the role model and prepare to mentor
• be active in the learner
• recognize social supports
• apply knowledge into life
• have a high motivation to learn

Question 18

describe the cognitive learning theory

Answer 18

focusing on an internal environment and cognitive structure of pervious knowledge (scaffolding) to incorporate new knowledge into new situations using problem solving and critical thinking

Question 19

what is the role of the teacher in the cognitive learning theory?

Answer 19

• ask questions about previous learner experiences to build on previous knowledge
• use learning aids
• chunk information
• provide education at the appropriate level
• create curiosity and organize the learning experience